Seite - 264 - in Emerging Technologies for Electric and Hybrid Vehicles
Bild der Seite - 264 -
Text der Seite - 264 -
energies
Article
DesignMethodologyofaPowerSplitTypePlug-In
HybridElectricVehicleConsidering
DrivetrainLosses
HanhoSon,KyusikPark,SunghoHwangandHyunsooKim*
SchoolofMechanicalEngineering,SungkyunkwanUniversity,Suwon-si16419,Korea;
hanho1014@naver.com(H.S.); rbtlr9010@naver.com(K.P.);hsh@me.skku.ac.kr (S.H.)
* Correspondence: hskim@me.skku.ac.kr;Tel.:+82-31-290-7911
AcademicEditor: Jih-Sheng(Jason)Lai
Received: 11 January2017;Accepted: 23March2017;Published: 25March2017
Abstract:Thispaperproposesadesignmethodologyforapowersplit typeplug-inhybridelectric
vehicle (PHEV)byconsideringdrivetrain losses. Selectingthe inputsplit typePHEVwithasingle
planetarygearas thereference topology, the locationsof theengine,motorandgenerators (MGs),
on thespeed leverweredeterminedbyusingthemechanicalpointconsidering thesystemefficiency.
Basedon the reference topology, feasible candidateswere selected by considering the operation
conditionsof theengine,MG1,andaredundantelement. Toevaluatethefueleconomyoftheselected
candidates, the lossmodelsof thepowerelectronic systemanddrivetraincomponentswereobtained
fromthemathematicalgoverningequationandtheexperimental results. Basedonthecomponent
lossmodel,acomparativeanalysiswasperformedusingadynamicprogrammingapproachunder
thepresence or absence of thedrivetrain losses. Itwas found that the selectionof the operating
modeandtheoperation timeofeachmodevarysince thedrivetrain lossaffects thesystemefficiency.
Inaddition,even if theadditionalmodesprovide theflexibilityof selecting theoperatingmodethat
results inahighersystemefficiencyfor thegivendrivingcondition,additionaldrivetrainelements
for realizingthemodescandeteriorate the fueleconomydueto theirvarious losses.
Keywords:designmethodology;powersplit type;plug-inhybridelectricvehicle (PHEV);drivetrain
losses;dynamicprogramming
1. Introduction
To meet the regulations for reducing CO2 emissions and increasing the fuel economy,
the development of electric drive vehicles such as the battery electric vehicle (BEV) and hybrid
electricvehicle (HEV)arean inevitablenecessity.
The plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) has emerged as a viable solution tomeet these
regulations,whileovercomingthedisadvantageof therelativelyshort traveldistanceof theBEV[1].
PHEVcanbedrivenonlyusingelectric energyuntil thebattery stateof charge (SOC)decreases to
the lower limit,which is called the ‘AllElectricRange’ (AER)or the ‘chargedepleting (CD)mode’.
AfterAER,PHEVhas torunusingthe internal combustionengineandmotor(s) tosustain thebattery
SOC,which iscalledthe ‘chargesustaining(CS)mode’. InCSmode,variousoperatingmodessuch
asseries,parallel, etc. areuseddependingonthePHEVconfiguration.WhenthePHEVisoperated
inCSmode, the fueleconomyisdirectlyrelatedto theoperatingmodes,whicharedeterminedfrom
its configuration. The PHEVconfiguration can be classified into series, parallel, andpower-split
typeconfigurations [2]. TheToyotahybridsystem(THS) isa typicalexampleof the inputsplit type
configuration inwhich the enginepower is split at the input side. TheTHSenables the engine to
operate on the optimal operating line (OOL)via the electrically continuousvariable transmission
Energies 2017,10, 437;doi:10.3390/en10040437 www.mdpi.com/journal/energies264
Emerging Technologies for Electric and Hybrid Vehicles
- Titel
- Emerging Technologies for Electric and Hybrid Vehicles
- Herausgeber
- MDPI
- Ort
- Basel
- Datum
- 2017
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
- ISBN
- 978-3-03897-191-7
- Abmessungen
- 17.0 x 24.4 cm
- Seiten
- 376
- Schlagwörter
- electric vehicle, plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), energy sources, energy management strategy, energy-storage system, charging technologies, control algorithms, battery, operating scenario, wireless power transfer (WPT)
- Kategorie
- Technik