Seite - 265 - in Emerging Technologies for Electric and Hybrid Vehicles
Bild der Seite - 265 -
Text der Seite - 265 -
Energies 2017,10, 437
function. Inaddition, theTHShasarelativelysimplestructurewithoutusing theclutchandbrake
tochange themode [3]. However, thepowercirculation thatoccurswhen thevehicle runsathigh
speedhasbeenmentionedasamajordrawbackthatdeteriorates the fueleconomy[4,5]. TheTHSuses
twooperatingmodes; theEVandHEVmodes. Thenumberofmodes that thePHEVcanrealize is
directlyrelatedto the fueleconomybecause,withagreaternumberofPHEVmodes,moreflexibility
canbeprovidedforthegivendrivingconditions[6].Ontheotherhand,additionaldrivetrainelements,
suchas theclutchorbrake,whicharerequiredto implementanadditionalmode,cancauseparasitic
loss in thedrivetrain.
TodevelopthePHEVconfigurationwithahighsystemefficiency,designmethodologiesornew
systemconfigurationshavebeeninvestigated[7]. Toreducethepowercirculation,anoptimalgearratio
designfor theplanetarygearandthefinalreductiongearwasproposed[8],andthespeedratiocontrol
was investigated todrive thevehiclenear themechanical point [9]. A topologyoptimizationwas
performedforHEVwith transmissionto improveCO2emissionandfueleconomy[10]. To implement
multi-modeoperationintheinputsplit typePHEV,adesignmethodologytofindafeasibledesignfrom
thepossiblecombinations,usingtheclutchesandbrakes,was investigated. Forallpossiblecandidates,
the fuel economy and driving performance were evaluated using a backward simulator [8,11].
Inaddition,acomprehensivedesignmethodologywassuggestedtofindtheoptimalconfigurationof
the inputandoutput-split typeHEVintermsof the fueleconomyanddrivingperformance,using the
clutch topologyandgearratio [12,13].
In theaforementionedstudies, thereare some limitations; (1)parasitic lossesof thedrivetrain
components, suchas theclutchandbrake,whicharerequiredtorealize thenewconfiguration,were
neglectedand(2) theunloaded lossof thepowerelectronic systems, suchasmotorandgenerators
(MGs),werenotconsidered. ForPHEVsthathaverelativelyshortAER, theabovefactors influence the
fueleconomywhenthevehicle isoperated inCSmode.
In this study,adesignmethodologyforanewPHEVconfigurationwasproposedusing the input
split typeasadesignreference. Basedonthereference topology, feasiblecandidateswereselectedby
considering the infeasibleandredundantconditions. Foreachcandidate, the improvementratioof the
fueleconomywasevaluatedbydynamicprogramming,andacomparativestudywasperformedin
termsof thepositiveaspectsof theadditionalmodeandnegativeaspectsof thedrivetrain loss.
2.TopologyDesignBasedontheInputPowerSplitTypePHEV
Search forFeasibleTopology toRealize theMulti-ModePHEV
Sincepowersplit typePHEVhastheadvantageofbothseriesandparallel typeconfigurations [4],
powersplittypewasselectedasareferencetopologyindesignofanewPHEVconfiguration. Ingeneral,
thepowersplit typePHEVisdesignedbycombiningoneengine, twomotor-generators (MGs),and
multiple planetary gears. In addition, clutches and/or brakes are used to realize the demanded
operatingmodes [8,11].WhenwedesignanewPHEVusingmultipleplanetarygearsets,numerous
configurationscanbeconstructedbyconnectingthepowersource (engine,MGs) toeachshaftof the
planetarygears [14,15]. Since it isunrealistic toevaluateall thepossibleconfigurations, it isnecessary
tonarrowthevarietyofchoices. In this study, the followingconstraintswere introduced:
(1) Singleplanetarygearsystem:
Evenifmultipleplanetarygearscanprovidemorefreedomthanasingleplanetarygear,additional
drivetrainelementssuchas theclutchandbrakearerequiredtoconnect theplanetarygears, and
it isdifficult toavoidacomplicatedsystemstructurecomparedwiththesingleplanetarygear
system. Also,wecaneasilydeduce that the transmissionefficiencyof themultipleplanetary
gearsystemis lower thanthatof thesingleplanetarygearsystem[16]. Furthermore,additional
drivetrainelementssuchas theplanetarygear, clutch,andbrakemayexacerbate thepackaging
problem,aswellas incur increasedcosts. Therefore,asingleplanetarygearwasselected.
265
Emerging Technologies for Electric and Hybrid Vehicles
- Titel
- Emerging Technologies for Electric and Hybrid Vehicles
- Herausgeber
- MDPI
- Ort
- Basel
- Datum
- 2017
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
- ISBN
- 978-3-03897-191-7
- Abmessungen
- 17.0 x 24.4 cm
- Seiten
- 376
- Schlagwörter
- electric vehicle, plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), energy sources, energy management strategy, energy-storage system, charging technologies, control algorithms, battery, operating scenario, wireless power transfer (WPT)
- Kategorie
- Technik