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Energies 2016,9, 997
Figure11.Workingareadivisionfornickel-metalhydridebatterypack.
3.1.1. ParsingofDriver’s Intention
In theprocessofdriving, thedriver showshis orher accelerationordecelerationdemandby
manipulating theacceleratorpedalorbrakingpedal. Therefore, toparse thedriver’sdemand, it is
necessary to transfer thepedal signal intovehicledemandtorques,whichcanbedivided intodriving
demandtorqueandbrakingdemandtorque. Inorder to identify thedemandtorque, thepedal signal
is normalized, and is expressedas α,within (−1, 1). Thepositivevalue represents the accelerator
pedalopeningwhile thenegativevalue is for thebrakingpedalopening. Inorder tomaintain the
driver’s reactionwhenoperatingthepedalandobtain thesamedynamicpropertiesas theprototype,
weconsider theengineexternalcharacteristiccurveas thedriver’smaximumdemandtorquecurve
forHEVs.
Therefore,when thedriver controls the accelerator pedal, thedemanddriving torque canbe
representedas
Tcmd=αTemax, (11)
whereTcmd is thedemanddrivingtorque,α is theacceleratorpedalopening,andTemax is theengine
maximumtorque.
Whenthedrivercontrols thebrakingpedal, thedemandbrakingtorquecanberepresentedas
Tcmd=α(TMaxGen+TMaxMechBrake), (12)
whereTcmd is thedemandbrakingtorque,α is thebrakingpedalopening,TMaxGen is themaximum
regenerativebrakingtorque,andTMaxMechBrake refers to thehighestmechanicalbrakingtorque.
Fortheall-wheeldrivefull-HEV,theenergymanagementstrategydistributesthedriver’sdemand
brakingtorqueto theengine, ISGmotor, in-wheelmotor,andmechanicalbrakingsystem.
Thedemanddrivingtorque isas follows:
Tcmd=Te+TISG+Thubmotor/ioig, (13)
Thedemandbrakingtorque ispresentedas follows:
Tcmd=TISGGenioig+ThubmotorGen+TMechBrake, (14)
whereTe,TISG, andThubmotor are thedrivingtorquesprovidedbytheengine, ISGmotor,andin-wheel
motor, respectively;TISGGen,ThubmotorGen, andTMechBrake refer to thebrakingtorquesprovidedbyISG
motor, in-wheelmotor,andmechanicalbrakingsystem,respectively; io and ig are thegear ratiosof the
mainreducerandAMTgearbox, respectively.
292
Emerging Technologies for Electric and Hybrid Vehicles
- Titel
- Emerging Technologies for Electric and Hybrid Vehicles
- Herausgeber
- MDPI
- Ort
- Basel
- Datum
- 2017
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
- ISBN
- 978-3-03897-191-7
- Abmessungen
- 17.0 x 24.4 cm
- Seiten
- 376
- Schlagwörter
- electric vehicle, plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), energy sources, energy management strategy, energy-storage system, charging technologies, control algorithms, battery, operating scenario, wireless power transfer (WPT)
- Kategorie
- Technik