Page - 197 - in Advanced Chemical Kinetics

Chapter 11 Ultrasound as a Metrological Tool for Monitoring Transesterification Kinetics Raphaela M. Baêsso, Pâmella A. Oliveira, Gabriel C. Moraes, André V. Alvarenga and Rodrigo P.B. Costa-Félix Additional information is available at the end of the chapter http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.70501 Provisionalchapter UltrasoundasaMetrologicalTool forMonitoring TransesterificationKinetics RaphaelaM.Baêsso,PâmellaA.Oliveira, GabrielC.Moraes,AndréV.Alvarengaand RodrigoP.B.Costa-Félix Additional information isavailableat theendof thechapter Abstract Ultrasound has beenwidely used as a technological alternative way to analyse non- invasively an assortment of materials. It includes liquids with dissimilar physical characteristics, includingmono- andmulti-phasicmixtures, suspension formation and dissolution, in-lineprocessing, amongotherpractical applications.Regardless thehuge spreadofuses, so farultrasoundhasnot beenproved tobeable toquantify transester- ificationkineticswithametrologicalapproach.Theaimofthischapter is todemonstrate thataproperlydesignedultrasonicexperimentcanbedevelopedto identifyremarkable stagesof a transesterification reaction toproducebiodiesel. Themethodwas compared bothwith gas chromatography and hydrogen nuclearmagnetic resonance (1HNMR). Foranin-lineapplication,ultrasoundhasbeenprovedtoworkproperlyasamonitoring tool for chemical reactionkinetics. Keywords:ultrasound,metrology, chemicalkinetics,monitoring,biodieselproduction 1. Introduction Currently, in the chemical, food, petrochemical and other industries, there is a considerable demand formeasuring instruments that are able to characterize liquidswithhigh sensitivity, robustnessandprecision.Aninstrument that isable toperformtheprocessaccurately, ranging fromchemical reactions (production) toqualitycontrol (finalproduct), isnecessary.Dueto the automation of processes, in-linemeasurements are increasingly being studied to ensure that theproduct is inconformity to technical requirements [1–5]. © TheAuthor(s). Licensee InTech.This chapter isdistributedunder thetermsof theCreativeCommons AttributionLicense (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0),whichpermitsunrestricteduse, distribution, andeproduction inanymedium,providedtheoriginalwork isproperlycited. DOI:10.5772/intechopen.70501 © 2018 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.