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book Automated tackling of disinformation"
Automated tackling of disinformation
- Title
- Automated tackling of disinformation
- Editor
- European Parliamentary Research Service
- Publisher
- Scientific Foresight Unit (STOA)
- Date
- 2019
- Language
- English
- ISBN
- 978-92-846-3945-8
- Size
- 21.0 x 29.7 cm
- Pages
- 116
- Categories
- Tagungsbände Scientific Foresight Unit (STOA)
Table of contents
- 1. Problem Definition and Scope 1
- 2. Social Platforms and Other Technological Factors Helping the Spread of Online Disinformation 10
- 2.1. Social Platforms and Web Search Engines: Algorithms, Privacy, and Monetisation Models 10
- 2.2. Genuine Amplifiers: Online News Consumption Habits, Confirmation Bias, and Polarisation 21
- 2.3. Fake Amplifiers: Social Bots, Cyborgs, and Trolls 22
- 2.4. Artificial Intelligence, Synthetic Media, and “Deepfakes” 23
- 2.5. Outlook 25
- 3. Technological approaches to fighting disinformation 27
- 4. Legal responses 43
- 5. Social and Collaborative Approaches 50
- 6. Initiatives Mapping 56
- 7. Case studies 60
- 7.1. Case Study 1: The InVID verification plugin 60
- 7.2. Case Study 2: Disinformation during the 2016 UK EU membership referendum 62
- 7.2.1. Introduction 62
- 7.2.2. Description of the dataset 63
- 7.2.3. Russian involvement in social media during the referendum 63
- 7.2.4. Russia-sponsored media activity in social media 64
- 7.2.5. Impact of Russia-linked misinformation vs impact of false claims made by politicians during thereferendum campaign 65
- 7.3. Case Study 3: Mis- and Disinformation during the French elections #MacronLeaks 65
- 8. Policy options 71
- 8.1. Option 1: Enable research and innovation on technological responses 71
- 8.1.1. Preserving Important Social Media Content for Future Studies 71
- 8.1.2. Fund open-source and multidisciplinary research on automated methods for disinformationdetection 72
- 8.1.3. Measure the effectiveness of technological solutions implemented by social media platforms andnews media organisations 72
- 8.1.4. Outcomes for this option: Ethical implications of tech solutions 73
- 8.2. Option 2: Improve the legal framework for transparency and accountability of platforms and political actors for content shared online 73
- 8.2.1. Build a transnational legal framework and support strong privacy protection 73
- 8.2.2. User-centric moderation and fiduciary responsibilities of social platforms 74
- 8.2.3. Strengthening trust in public institutions and political discourse online 75
- 8.2.4. Outcomes: a human rights approach to tech solutions 75
- 8.3. Option 3: Strengthening Media and Improving Journalism and Political Campaigning Standards 76
- 8.4. Option 4: Interdisciplinary approaches and localised involvement from civil society 77
- 8.4.1. Support interdisciplinary approaches and invest in platforms for independent evidence-basedresearch 77
- 8.4.2. Empower civil society to multiply efforts 78
- 8.4.3. Promoting Media Literacy and Critical Thinking for Citizens 78
- 8.4.4. Outcomes for this option: the challenge of scaling up the action and overcoming cognitive bias 78
- 8.1. Option 1: Enable research and innovation on technological responses 71
- 9. ANNEX I: Survey Questions 93
- 10. ANNEX II: EU initiatives roadmap 96
- 11. ANNEX III: Initiatives in Member States roadmap 98