Page - (000051) - in Autonomes Fahren - Technische, rechtliche und gesellschaftliche Aspekte

Teil I Human and Machine + $ISJTUJBO (FSEFT The very act of driving conjures a range of strong and very human emotions. Whether it is the feeling of freedom that the mobility of the car provides, the frustration of being stuck in traffic, the panic when realizing a potential collision looms or the joy of an open road with a favorite song on the radio, driving is a human experience. With automated vehicles, however, that experience changes – both for passengers in the automated car and other road users who have to walk or drive alongside it as part of the social experience of traffic. The car ceases to be simply an extension of its human driver and becomes an agent in its own right, navigating through the highways and rules of human society. Given the some- times uneasy relationship between humans and machines, what will these new interactions between humans and machines look like? Fabian Kroeger sets the stage for this discussion by showing what our cultural heritage reflects about our views of automation. In his chapter, Das automatisierte Fahren im ge- sellschaftsgeschichtlichen und kulturwissenschaftlichen Kontext, he details the long history of automated vehicle concepts and their treatment in media, beginning with Utopian visions of the benefits of such technology. His chapter traces the path from this early optimism to- wards the more cautionary themes found in recent film depictions of our automated future. This frames a central question running through the remaining chapters – how can the chal- lenges of human-machine interaction be overcome to realize the promise of this technology? A key aspect of that interaction is how automated cars will conform to the ethical stand- ards of the human world in which they operate. Patrick Lin opens this topic with an overall discussion of Why Ethics Matters for Autonomous Cars. Even with the best technology imaginable, sometimes crashes will be unavoidable for automated vehicles that share the road with human drivers and programmers must decide what to do when presented with such dilemma situations. As Lin shows, such decisions raise issues of equity, discrimination and unintended consequences that must be thoughtfully considered. Christian Gerdes and Sarah Thornton take the programming aspect of this discussion a step further with Imple- mentable Ethics for Automated Vehicles. Mapping philosophical concepts to engineering