Page - (000052) - in Autonomes Fahren - Technische, rechtliche und gesellschaftliche Aspekte

concepts, they demonstrate how different approaches to ethical reasoning can be turned into algorithms that make decisions for automated vehicles. The correct choice of an eth- ical framework for automated vehicles is far from obvious, however, and they argue that there are benefits to taking a more deontological, or rule-based, approach to dilemma situ- ations and a more consequentialist, or outcome-based approach to operating in traffic. Interactions in traffic and societal acceptance depend not only upon the programming in the automated vehicles but how the automated vehicles are understood – or misunder- stood – by the people around them. Ingo Wolf, in his chapter Wechselwirkung Mensch und autonomer Agent, discusses the psychological concept of a mental model and how such models can be critical in defining human interactions with automated systems. He outlines several possible mental models for interactions between humans and automated vehicles and, using the results of an online survey, shows which are closest to current perceptions of this technology. This section concludes with a look at the specific challenge presented by the informal communication channels that humans use to interpret the intentions to other road users or signal their own intentions. Berthold Färber demonstrates the importance of nonverbal communication such as eye contact and gesture in his chapter Kommunikationsprobleme zwischen autonomen Fahrzeugen und menschlichen Fahrern. This raises a range of ques- tions such as how eye contact with someone in the driver seat of an automated vehicle who is not actually driving may be interpreted and what possibilities for new communication modalities might exist.