Page - 104 - in Europäische Bild- und Buchkultur im 13. Jahrhundert

104 michaEla schullEr-JuckEs from 1417 to 1431.25 The manuscript contains 25 miniatures and coloured initials, as well as marginal drolleries and numerous pen-flourished initials. The miniature at the beginning of the first book (De iustitia et iure) on fol. 5r (pl. 1b) comes from the northern French illuminator whom we already know from my first example, the Brussels manuscript (pl. 1a). It shows an iconography that was widespread only in the north of France and so acts as further confirmation of the painter’s origins: a crowned, cross-legged ruler orders the burning of books in a fire beneath him, while the gestures of the four tonsured clerics on the right imply an advisory role.26 The arms in the corner shields could not yet be identified and were possibly painted over other, older coats of arms.27 The remaining 24 miniatures (pl. 6a–6d), along with numerous drolleries and marginal scenes, were executed by two further painters, who were originally localized to Northern Italy, probably Padua or Venice, by Gerhard Schmidt.28 The first illumi- nator was substantially responsible for all but one of the miniatures and the marginal drolleries (pl. 6a, 6c–d);29 the second illuminator executed the harvesting scene in 25 Graz, Universitätsbibliothek, Cod. 32; see Anton Kern: Die Handschriften der Univer- sitätsbibliothek Graz. Vol. I, Leipzig 1942, p. 12, and Michaela Schuller-Juckes, Cod. 32. In: Michaela Schuller-Juckes and Evelyn Kubina: Die illuminierten Handschriften in der Universitätsbibliothek Graz: 1225‒1300. Wien (in print) (Denkschriften der phi- losophisch historischen Klasse. Veröffentlichungen zum Schrift- und Buchwesen des Mittelalters, Reihe V: Die illuminierten Handschriften und Inkunabeln in Österreich außerhalb der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek, ed. by Michael Viktor Schwarz). 26 The scene has been subject to various interpretations: the books can either be under- stood as the old obsolete law, which is now replaced by a new one (with thanks to Susan L’Engle for this observation), or as emblematic of the ruler’s duty to distinguish between right and wrong, legal and illegal; see Thomas Werner: Den Irrtum liquidie- ren. Bücherverbrennungen im Mittelalter. Göttingen 2007 (Veröffentlichungen des Max-Planck-Instituts für Geschichte 225), pp. 168‒171, fig. 22, and François Garnier: L’ Ane à la lyre. Sottisier d’iconographie médiévale, Paris 1988, pp. 156‒158. 27 They show the following devices: on the left above, three silver drinking horns in a red field; on the right above, a silver field with a red horizontal zigzag; on the left below, three red drinking horns in a silver field; in the right below, a red field containing a silver lion with two tails and a crown. 28 Schmidt, Mobilität von Buchmalern 1978 (cit. n. 2), p. 37. 29 Fol. 3ra Constitutio omnem (constitution of 16 December 533 for legal scholars; on the miniature’s corners, the following, as yet unidentified armorial shields were added: above left, a gold field with rampant, right-facing, green lion with griffin’s head [?]; above right, a gold field with blue bar, accompanied by parallel pairs of thinner blue lines; below left, a white field holding a cross pattée with double-notched ends [partly worn and with white overpainting]; below right, a white field with right-facing, rampant red lion with a single white flower on its upper body), fol. 17va (Liber II) De iurisdictione, fol. 35ra (Liber III) De postulando, fol. 49ra (Liber IV) De in integrum restitutionibus, fol. 71rb (Liber V) De iudiciis: Ubi quisque agere vel conveniri debeat, fol. 86rb (Liber VI) De rei vindicatione, fol. 106vb (Liber VIII) De servitutibus, fol. 118ra (Liber IX) Si quadrupes pauperiem fecisse dicatur, fol. 129vb (Liber X) Finium regundorum, fol. 141va (Liber XI) De interrogationibus in iure faciendis et interrogatoriis actionibus, fol. 149va (Liber XII) De rebus creditis si certum petetur et de condictione, fol. 164va (Liber XIII) De condictione furtive, fol. 174vb (Liber XIV) De exercitoria actione, fol. 182vb (Liber XV) De peculio, fol. 191vb (Liber XVI) Ad senatus consultum Velleianum, fol. 199va (Liber XVII) Mandati vel contra, fol. 212rb (Liber XVIII) De contrahenda emptione et de pactis inter emptorem et venditorem compositis et quae res venire non possunt, fol. 224ra (Liber XIX) De actionibus