Page - 26 - in Biodiversity and Health in the Face of Climate Change

26 positive respiratory health are associated with landscape biodiversity (vegetation diversity and species richness) (Liddicoat et  al. 2018). Many critical ecosystem processes operate on much larger spatial scales and ultimately impact global pro- cesses through the effect that ecosystems exert on wider natural systems, such as climate, water and air quality, and the impact that they have on food nutritional quality and diversity (Harrison et  al. 2014; Ziter 2016; Schwarz et  al. 2017). Nutritional diversity is important for ensuring good physical health (Lovell et  al. 2014), but biodiversity in agricultural systems is important for a range of other reasons, such as supporting ecosystem health (and therefore functions such as pol- lination and soil regulation) and protecting against potential problems from pests Fig. 2.3 The inter-relationships between human and ecological health as expressed through the exposome concept (top) and the pathways to reductions in physical health through dysbiosis (bot- tom) (Renz et  al. 2017) S. J. Lindley et al.