Page - (000031) - in Evaluating Climate Change Action for Sustainable Development

that collecting stories on behavioural changes can contribute to biophysical adap- tation andmonitoring and evaluation. Chapter 15,writtenby IreneKarani andNyachombaKariuki, ‘Usingparticipa- toryapproaches inmeasuring resilienceanddevelopment in IsioloCounty,Kenya’ highlights the use of participatory approaches through aTrackingAdaptation and MeasuringDevelopment (TAMD)Framework tomeasure resilience inKenya.The authorsoutline theprocessofdevelopingsubjective indicatorsanddemonstrate the advantage of empowering the local community in collection of baseline,monitor- ing and early outcome data as they develop Theories of Change. The article concludes by sharing lessons andpolicy implications. Chapter 16by JoanneChong,AnnaGero andPiaTreichel, ‘Evaluating climate change adaptation in practice: a child-centred, community-based project in the Philippines’ documents a research and evaluation approach applied in a child- centred and community-basedCCAproject implemented across four provinces in the Philippines. The authors emphasise the success of themethodology due to its participatory foundations – local voices and perspectives matter in understand- ing the impact of the project. Chapter 17written byEmiliaBretan andNathanL.Engle focuses on real time milestones and outcomes fromBrazil’sDrought Preparedness andClimate Resil- ience Programme (Drought NLTA). Evidence gathered through the participatory monitoringandevaluation(PM&E)approachshowedthat theprogrammewasable to convene key-regional and federal levelmulti-sector stakeholders, resulting in a bottom-upandregionally-ledcollaboration.Throughengagementandcommitment of the partners, the programme illustrates good practice for coordination and continuous sharingof knowledge anddata between service providers, secretariats, municipalities andother stakeholders fromdistinct sectors, states, andgovernmen- tal levels. Chapter 18 by Timo Leiter presents a decision-support tool developed by the German InternationalCooperation (GIZGmbH), theAdaptationM&ENavigator. The author explains the rationale, structure andhow this tool canhelp policy- and decision-makers select a suitable M&E approach by providing a list of specific M&Eparadigms andmatching themwith relevant approaches. Evaluation plays an ever crucial role in learning:why are things happening or not happening?Arewedoing the right thingor not?Whyandwhynot?Are there better ways? The evaluation profession has become more adept at introducing scientific tools and the link between science and evaluation is becoming stronger. Evaluation is helpingbridge the science-policydivide. The contributions included in this book demonstrate a good understanding not only of assumptions and outcomes, but also of context as they attempt to explain how and for whom interventions may work. Methodologies used are varied and may sometimesbe sophisticated.However, they all answeroperational andpracti- cal questions. We are in aworldwith changing boundaries. Our boundaries have changed in terms of what we want from our programs and strategies, what we want from evaluations andwhat typesof toolswehave access to.Weare nowwitnessing the 10 J.I.Uitto et al.