Page - (000200) - in Evaluating Climate Change Action for Sustainable Development

Overall, using both minimum service level, the avoided emissions represent approximately half of the total climate change mitigation impact of the PSH technology. 10.4 Implication forPolicyMakers andDevelopment Practitioners This studyshows that accounting for the suppresseddemandcanhavea significant impact on the climate changemitigation potential of a project with strong social improvement components. With a fuel savings of 23%, the PSH technology contributes to reduce the households vulnerability duringwinter periodwhen the source of income is themost irregular and the expenses are at the highest level. Equally important, theveranda increasessignificantly the indoor temperature in the main family roomduring the coldwinter bringing health and confort benefits. To assess the full benefits of this technology it is therefore necessary to account for avoided emissions in additionof emission reductions. The avoided emissions from increase in indoor temperature with the PSH represented approximately the same amount than actual emission reductions from reduced fuel consumption. This could indicate that the household balance the reduction in fuel expenseswhen their financial vulnerability is the highest and the increase in indoor temperatureduring the coldest periodof theyear.Thebarrier to reach the minimum service level being financial, it reinforces the relevance of applying a suppresseddemandapproach to account for householdpreferences and therefore comprehensively assess the climate change impact of a project. In thiscasestudy, twominimumservice levelshavebeenconsidered: the indoor temperature reachedusing thePSHtechnology,aswell as theWHOrecommended minimum indoor temperature. With an average weekly indoor temperature of 18.22 C, considering the PSH indoor temperature or the WHO recommended value of 18 Casminimumservice level leads tomarginal differences in avoided Table10.6 EmissionreductionandavoidedemissiontoreachtheWHOrecommendedminimum indoor temperature tCO2e emissions Emission reduction 0.366 Avoided emission 0.344 Total impact 0.709 184 Y.Franc¸ois andM.Gavald~ao