Page - (000222) - in Evaluating Climate Change Action for Sustainable Development

income sources and the creation of savingsmechanisms, although thesewere for systemmaintenance.Financialcapital,however,wasalsoharmedbyfailures in the DREsystems: duringblackouts some lost refrigeratedproducts or had to spendon fossil fuels in order to avoid losing them. Physical capital was improved by the introduction of the DRE infrastructure and other infrastructure that was enabled through theDREprojects, such as roads.Human capital saw improvements at the domestic, productive and communal levels. The DRE system enabled other ser- vices, suchasbettereducationandhealth,andcreatedmoreunityamongneighbors. Lastly, social capital was impacted through the social acceptance of the projects, especially in projects that had a strong communal participation componentwhich, inpart, leadtorobustgovernancestructuresthatprovedtobeimportant for theDRE projects tomeet climate change adaptationgoals. 11.8 CrossCuttingFactors Factors including the centralized or decentralized nature of the technology or the institutions, andgovernance and fundingentities, can enable projects tomeet their statedgoals, and therefore, tomeet the tripleobjective. For the former, all projects with a centralized infrastructure,with the exceptionof one project, had functional governance structures. On the contrary,with the exception of one community, all communitiesbenefitedwithPVsystemsfinanciallymanaged their systems individ- ually and the governance structures set in place ceased functions relatively soon after the installationof the systems.For the latter, theprimarygoalsandobjectives of the donor and development entities and their interactionwith the communities, waskeyinpromoting,ornot,properunderstandingandupkeepof thesystems.This Table 11.6 (continued) Project Change in supply Change in infrastructure Change indemand phone charging, and occasionally ablack and whiteTV) RioBravo Fromtraditional biomass tomini-hydroelectric plant Constructionof the com- munal electricity grid, public lighting, and installationof internal electrichomeconnections Useof household and office appliances, and implementationof pro- ductiveuse projects Women’s solarcenter Project startedwith the PVsystem Internal electric installa- tions inhomes and the solar center Useof basic household appliances (2CFL’s, radio, cell phone charg- ing, andoccasionally a black andwhiteTV). The solar center powers several computers, printers andmodem 206 D.Ley