Page - (000244) - in Evaluating Climate Change Action for Sustainable Development

12.5 Discussion There is considerable variation in the projects previously described, in terms of their approach to existing inroads in distribution networks, existing entrypoints to localmarkets, thequalityof the technologyonoffer, and theunit cost.All of these projects offer a carbon-saving technology, an aspect of sustainable development benefit,andafocusonpoorcommunities.However,bypeeringinto theblackboxof project design and distribution strategy, it becomes apparent that dissemination method is an invisible and meaningful factor in determining a carbon project’s ability to promote livelihoodenhancement in theglobal south. While carbonoffset projects areoftenpresentedaswin-win solutions, the cases presented here support an entirely different notion: development outcomes may compete rather thancompliment oneanother.Thecaseswith themost aspirational technologies have the lowest LI value, and the biodigester program is reliant on a donor subsidy to stimulate the local market that it creates. Further, the highest economic benefit from a carbon offset project (NLS) utilizes the least effective emissions reduction technology.While thecarbonmarketwasoriginallycreated to promote both sustainable development at the local level while reducing global greenhouse gas emissions, does this very designmaskhard trade offs between the creation of locally appropriatemarketmechanisms and the short termdelivery of modern energy technologies? Further research is necessary to add granularity on local acceptance of the technologies, and on the long-term prospects for the technology to be adopted Table 12.3 Livelihood indexcalculations by case Case Employment Functions Jobs (#) SKL PAY SAT Job Impact Total job impact LI New Laos Stove Supplier 253 0.25 0.5 0.5 1.5 1303 2.53Producer 84 1 1 1 4Distributors 171 1 0.5 0.75 3.25 Administrator 8 1 1 1 4 Hydrologic Water Filters Field Manager 4 1 1 1 4 378 2.19 Carbon Sales Manager 8 1 1 1 4 Field Sales Agent 50 0.5 0.5 0.75 2.25 Distributor 30 0 0.5 0.5 1 Urban Sales Agent 10 0.5 0.5 0.75 2.25 Retailer 30 0.75 0.5 0.75 2.75 Factory Manager 1 1 1 1 4 Laborer 39 0.25 1 0.5 2 National Biodigester Program Administrator 6 1 1 1 4 1499 1.80 Construction Managers 252 0.75 0.5 0.5 2.5 Labor Assistants 504 0.25 0.5 0.25 1.25 Technicians 66 1 0.5 0.75 3.25 228 J.Hyman