Page - (000326) - in Evaluating Climate Change Action for Sustainable Development

theuseofknowledgeor innovativesolutions.Outcomesmightalsodescribedeeper institutionalchanges relating topolicy,citizenengagementorgovernmentaccount- ability andorganizational arrangements. Initial involvement, awareness raising and other immediate outcomes are described as something wewould expect to see; deeper engagement as what we wouldlike tosee,andinstitutionalandsustainablechangeaswhatwewouldloveto see as the program progresses to the end and beyond its limits. Examples of the progressmarkers for “NationalTrack”, extracted fromtheRF,aredemonstrated in Table 17.2. AnOHapproachmainlyinformsthemonitoringandevaluation(implementation phase),helping thegatheringandanalysisof informationonchanges influencedby the project to inform decisions and next steps. It also captures intended and unintended outcomes during implementation to inform corrections and next steps andhelps to evaluate andarticulate howcomplexprojects advance toward impact. TheanalyticalframeworkprovidedbytheWBIapproachhelps tomakesenseof the outcomes,demandingeachdescribedmilestoneorprogress-marker tobesustained bymore thanone source of information tobe consideredvalid (seeFig. 17.3). TheOHprocess includesa rigorouscheckof thesignificanceof theoutcomefor thedevelopmentgoals theinitiativeandthepartnerswant toachieve(“whydoesthe change matter?”) and the identification of the contribution of the development organization andof the partners. Oneof thekey-elements ofOMandOHmethodologies that are thebasis of the WBIapproach, is thefact thatbothacknowledgecontributionand influence,butnot necessarily attribution. Policy and institutional change processes, the focus of initiatives such as theDrought NLTA, are very susceptible to the influence from many factors and actors, aswell as the- political environment, to name a few.As mentioned before, the design and implementation of an NDP could be strongly Table 17.2 Example of the progressmarkers for “NationalTrack” Change agent:water, climate and agricultural agencies inNortheast states, and corresponding Federal agencies Love to see (intermediate capacity outcomes) Implementing integrated and coordinateddrought prepared- ness plans, technologies and frameworks Like to see (milestones) Collaborating through establishednetworkswith defined governance rules Engaging in andpromoting capacity development activities withmulti-sector stakeholders Agreeingona commonagenda towards pilot drought pre- paredness plans and technologies/frameworks; Expect to see (early outcomes) Increasingknowledge, data sharing andcooperation Having increasedknow-how toplandroughtmitigation and response actions 314 E.Bretan andN.L.Engle