Page - (000346) - in Evaluating Climate Change Action for Sustainable Development

Since eachM&Eapproach can be implemented in a variety ofways, the descrip- tions are based on a general application and cannot take every possible variation into account. Corresponding to its nature as decision support tool, theAdaptation M&ENavigatorhas tomaintainabalancebetweenlevelofdetail andconcise,easy to grasp information. Hence, it cannot provide comprehensive detail on how to carry out any of the listedM&E approaches. For the latter purpose the template includes links to practical examples, guidance and further resources that users can refer to. Thus, the AdaptationM&ENavigator equips decisionmakers and their technical advisors with an overview of relevant approaches and information to support the selectionof anM&Eapproach. The core of the Adaptation M&ENavigator is provided in Table 18.2 which connectsspecificpurposestorelevantM&Eapproachesandshowstheir ratingonthe five criteria. In the online version of theAdaptationM&ENavigator, colour codes are applied to facilitate a quick interpretation of the ratings. Tables 18.3 and 18.4 Table 18.2 The adaptationM&Enavigator:matching specificM&Epurposes to relevantM&E approaches # Specific purpose M&E approach General purpose Focus on processes or outcomes Com- plexity Subjec- tivity Ex- perience 1 Monitoring the integration of adaptation into planning (mainstreaming) Qualitative assessment based on interviews Learning P L-M H M Quantitative or qualitative indicators Management, Accountability P L-M L-M M 2 Monitoring the implementation of adaptation programmes, projects or actions Defining and monitoring activities and outputs Management, Accountability P L L H 3 Monitoring the implementation of the National Adaptation Plan process Defining and monitoring milestones in the NAP process Management, Accountability P L L-M L 4 Tracking adaptation activities at national or sub-national level Database of adaptation activities Management, Knowledge sharing P L-M M a L-M 5 Assessing the results of adaptation projects or actions On an ongoing or repeated basis Qualitative assessment involving beneficiaries Learning, Management P/O L-M H M Theory of change with adaptation- specific indicators Management, Accountability P/O M L-M M Repeated vulnerability assessments See specific purpose #7 At a certain point in time, typically after completion Impact evaluation Learning, Accountability O H L L Assessing avoided economic losses and health benefits Accountability O H L L 6 Assessing the results of a programme or portfolio of adaptation projects Project-specific indicators informing a synthesis of portfolio results Accountability P/O M M L Common (core) indicators for every project to enable aggregation Accountability P/O M L-M M 7 Assessing whether vulnerability has been reduced as a result of adaptation programmes, projects or actions Measuring vulnerability with indicators as part of a results-based monitoring system Management, Accountability O M L-M M Repeated vulnerability assessments Simple Accountability O L H M-H Data intensive Learning, Accountability O M-H L-M L 8 Assessing progress towards adaptation goals, targets or intended outcomes at national level Qualitative assessment without indicators Learning, Management, Knowledge-sharing P/O L-M M-H L Indicator- based assessment Trend indicators Management P/O M L L-M Based on assumptions about how activities lead to outcomes Management, Accountability P/O M-H L-M L-M 9 Assessing resilience to climate change at national level Indicator-based assessments Management O M L-M L-M Household level questions as part of national census surveys Management O M-H H L Explanation: L = Low, L-M = Low to Medium, M = Medium, M-H = Medium to High, H = High; P = Process, O = Outcome, P/O = Process and/or Outcome aThe subjectivity lies in the decision what to count as “adaptation”, i.e. what to include in the database of adaptationprojects 334 T.Leiter