Page - (000034) - in Disrupted Development and the Future of Inequality in the Age of Automation

24 L. SCHLOGL AND A. SUMNER employment generation potential vis-à-vis services (see later discussion). Figure 3.1 shows the sectoral structure of GDP and employment relative to GDP per capita (and one can also assess the relative labor or capital intensity of regional production by the position of the value-added and employment curves: if the employment curve is above the value-added curve then production in that sector and region is relatively more capital intensive). As is well known, the agriculture component is falling in share of GDP and employment in all regions and is very low in Latin America. In East Asia, the declining shares of agriculture in GDP and employment over the period is notable relative to other regions. The rise in manufac- turing shares in East Asia’s GDP over the period is particularly impres- sive, though this is less the case for employment shares. This suggests ϬϮϬϰϬϲϬϴϬϭϬϬϭϵϳϮ ϭϵϴϮ ϭϵϵϮ ϮϬϬϮ^ĞƌǀŝĐĞƐ EŽŶͲŵĂŶƵĨ͘ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌLJDĂŶƵĨĂĐƚƵƌŝŶŐ ŐƌŝĐƵůƚƵƌĞ ;йͿ ĂƐƚ ƐŝĂ ϬϮϬϰϬϲϬϴϬϭϬϬϭϵϳϮ ϭϵϴϮ ϭϵϵϮ ϮϬϬϮ^ĞƌǀŝĐĞƐ EŽŶͲŵĂŶƵĨ͘ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌLJDĂŶƵĨĂĐƚƵƌŝŶŐ ŐƌŝĐƵůƚƵƌĞ ;йͿ >ĂƟŶ ŵĞƌŝĐĂ ϬϱϬϭϬϬϭϵϳϮ ϭϵϴϮ ϭϵϵϮ ϮϬϬϮ^ĞƌǀŝĐĞƐ EŽŶͲŵĂŶƵĨ͘ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌLJDĂŶƵĨĂĐƚƵƌŝŶŐ ŐƌŝĐƵůƚƵƌĞ ;йͿ ^ŽƵƚŚ ƐŝĂ ͲϱϬϬϱϬϭϬϬϭϵϳϮ ϭϵϴϮ ϭϵϵϮ ϮϬϬϮ^ĞƌǀŝĐĞƐ EŽŶͲŵĂŶƵĨ͘ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌLJDĂŶƵĨĂĐƚƵƌŝŶŐ ŐƌŝĐƵůƚƵƌĞ;йͿ ^Ƶď ^ĂŚĂƌĂŶ ĨƌŝĐĂ Fig. 3.2 Growth decomposition by sector, by region, 1960–present (change in growth = 100). Source Author’s calculation based on Timmer et al. [2015]