Page - 65 - in Emerging Technologies for Electric and Hybrid Vehicles

Energies 2017,10, 1217 Figure68.WorkingprincipleofvehiclestabilitysystemproposedbyTahamietal.Aneuralnetwork wasusedin theyawreferencegenerator [25]. Figure 69. Independent torque control systemproposedbyWanget al.,Differential drive assisted steering(DDAS)subsystemanddirectyawmomentcontrol subsystemcreates theupper layer. The traction control subsystem processes the inputs, and the controlling is done through the lower layer [178]. Figure70.Workingprincipleof theSOCmeasuringalgorithmproposedbyZhouetal. [180]. Aspointedout inSection8, thegrid is facing someseriousproblemswith the current rise in EVpenetration. Reducing the charging time of the vehicleswhile creatingminimal pressure on thegridhasbecomedifficult goal to achieve. However, ample researchhas alreadybeendoneon thismatterandanumberof chargingsystemalgorithmshavebeenproposed toattain satisfactory chargingperformance. 65