Page - 358 - in Emerging Technologies for Electric and Hybrid Vehicles

Energies 2016,9, 240 16. Petersen,M.;Bowers,C.;Elbel,S.;Hrnjak,P.Developmentofhigh-efficiencycarbondioxidecommercial heatpumpwaterheater.HVACRRes. 2013,19, 823–835. 17. Hafner,A.ExperimentalStudyonHeatPumpOperationofPrototypeCO2MobileAirConditioningSystem. InProceedingsofthe4thIIR-GustavLorentzenConferenceonNaturalWorkingFluids; InternationalInstitute ofRefrigeration(IRR):Paris,France,2000. 18. Hafner,A.;Pettersen, J.; Skaugen,G.;Nekså,P.AnAutomobileHVACSystemwithCO2as theRefrigerant. IIR. InProceedingsof theGustavLorentzenConferenceNaturalWorkingFluids; International Instituteof Refrigeration(IRR):Paris,France,1998. 19. Hafner,A.; Jakobsen,A.;Nekså, P.; Pettersen, J. LifeCycleClimatePerformance (LCCP) ofMobileAir- conditioningSystems. InProceedingsof theVerbandderAutomobilindustrie (VDA)AlternateRefrigerant Wintermeeting,Saafelden,Austria,18–19February2004. 20. Tamura, T.; Yakumaru, Y.; Nishiwaki, F. Experimental study on automotive cooling and heating air conditioningsystemusingCO2asarefrigerant. Int. J.Refrig. 2005,28, 1302–1307. [CrossRef] 21. Kim,S.C.;Won, J.P.;Kim,M.S.EffectsofoperatingparametersontheperformanceofaCO2 air conditioning systemforvehicles.Appl. Therm. Eng. 2009,29, 2408–2416. [CrossRef] 22. Kim,M.H.; Pettersen, J.; Bullard, C.W. Fundamental process and system design issues in CO2 vapor compressionsystems.Prog. EnergyCombust. 2004,30, 119–174. [CrossRef] 23. Kim,S.C.;Kim,M.S.;Hwang, I.C.;Lim,T.W.PerformanceevaluationofaCO2heatpumpsystemfor fuel cellvehiclesconsideringtheheatexchangerarrangements. Int. J.Refrig. 2007,30, 1195–1206. [CrossRef] 24. Lee,M.Y.; Lee,H.S.;Won,H.P.Characteristic evaluationon the coolingperformanceof an electrical air conditioningsystemusingR744fora fuelcell electricvehicle.Energies2012,5, 1371–1383. [CrossRef] 25. Ma,Y.T.; Liu,Z.Y.; Tian,H.Areviewof transcritical carbondioxideheatpumpandrefrigeration cycles. Energy2013,55, 156–172. [CrossRef] 26. Zou, Y.; Hrnjak, P. Effects of fluid properties on two-phase flow and refrigerant distribution in the vertical headerof a reversiblemicrochannel heat exchanger-ComparingR245fa, R134a,R410AandR32. Appl.Therm.Eng. 2014,70, 966–976. [CrossRef] 27. Wongwises,S.;Kamboon,A.;Orachon,B.Experimental investigationofhydrocarbonmixtures toreplace HFC-134a inanautomotiveair conditioningsystem.EnergyConvers.Manag. 2006,47, 1644–1559. [CrossRef] 28. Hoffmann,G.;Plehn,W.NaturalRefrigerants forMobileAir-Conditioning inPassengerCars;GermanFederal EnvironmentAgencyPressOffice:Dessau,Germany,2010;pp.1–10. 29. Chamoun,M.;Rulliere,R.;Haberschill,P.;Berail, J.F.Dynamicmodelofanindustrialheatpumpusingwater asrefrigerant. Int. J.Refrig. 2012,35, 1080–1091. [CrossRef] 30. Zhao,Y.StudyonthePerformanceofAutomotiveAirConditioningSystemswithR1234yf. Ph.D.Thesis, Shanghai JiaoTongUniversity,Shanghai,China,2012. 31. Lee,Y.H.; Jung,D.S.AbriefperformancecomparisonofR1234yfandR134a inabenchtester forautomobile applications.Appl. Therm. Eng. 2012,35, 240–242. [CrossRef] 32. Seybold,L.;Hill,W.;Zimmer,C. InternalHeatExchangerDesignPerformanceCriteria forR134aandHFO-1234yf; SAETechnicalPaperNo. 2010-01-1210;SAEInternational:Warrendale,PA,USA,2010. 33. Qi,Z.G.ExperimentalstudyonevaporatorperformanceinmobileairconditioningsystemusingHFO-1234yf asworkingfluid.Appl. Therm.Eng. 2013,53, 124–130. [CrossRef] 34. Ghodbane,M.AnInvestigationofR152aandHydrocarbonRefrigerants inMobileAirConditioning; SAETechnical PaperNo. 1999-01-0874;SAEInternational:Warrendale,PA,USA,1999. 35. Ghodbane,M.;Baker, J.A.;Kadle,P.S.PotentialApplications ofR-152aRefrigerant inVehicleClimateControl Part II; SAETechnicalPaperNo. 2004-01-0918;SAEInternational:Warrendale,PA,USA,2004. 36. Hosoz,M.;Direk,M.Performanceevaluationofan integratedautomotiveairconditioningandheatpump system.EnergyConvers.Manag. 2006,47, 545–559. [CrossRef] 37. Saiz Jabardo, J.M.; GonzalesMamani,W.; Ianella, M.R.Modeling and experimental evaluation of an automotiveairconditioningsystemwithavariablecapacitycompressor. Int. J.Refrig. 2002,25, 1157–1172. [CrossRef] 38. Shao, S.Q.; Shi,W.X.; Li, X.T.; Yan,Q.S. Study on the adjusting performance of variable frequency air conditioningsystem.Refrig.AirCond. 2001,1, 17–20. 39. Lee, J.;Byun, J.S.Experimentontheperformance improvementofair-to-airheatpumpadopting thehotgas bypassmethodbyoutdoor fanspeedvariation. J.Mech. Sci. Technol. 2009,23, 3407–3415. [CrossRef] 358