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More formal, letMop an incomingmessage specifying an operation the dispatcher
canmap toa localone, i.e.opâFMâŠFP.ThenP(M=Mop) is theprobability thatMop
is received by the callee, andP(M=Mop) is the probability of an incomingmessage,
whichcannotbemappedbythedispatcher.Due tod-separation thediscriminatoralways
dependson the incomingmessageaccording to thecausal relationships, i.e.
P(D=1 |M=Mop)=P(D=0 |M=Mop)=1 (1)
P(D=0 |M=Mop)=P(D=1 |M=Mop)=0 (2)
Asa result, it isderived
P(D=1)= â
Mâ{Mop;Mop} P(D=1 |M)P(M)=P(M=Mop) (3)
P(D=0)= â
Mâ{Mop;Mop} P(D=0 |M)P(M)=P(M=Mop) (4)
Discussionof the cases, ifM,Dared-separated. UsingZ={Mâ˛}will block the path
betweenM andD, renderingD independent fromM, i.e. P(D |Mâ˛,M)=P(D |Mâ˛).
GivenweďŹlter forMâ˛=Rwemayalwaysobserve interoperability.ForM=Mop it is the
resultof thecausal relations .ForM=Mop, contrary toequation4, there isanexogenous
factorwhichchangesMⲠtoMâ˛=R.A technical example couldbea fail-safeoperation,
whichcatches thedispatcherâsUP result andcreatesanon-arbitrary responseMâ˛=R.
P(D |Mâ˛=R,M)=P(D |Mâ˛=R)= {
1 , forD=1
0 , forD=0 (5)
For thecomplementaryevent,P(D |MⲠ=R) inverts the results fromequation5.
5.3. Degreeof Interoperability
Table2summarizes thed-separationanalysis forM andDand relates it to thedegreeof
interoperability.Using theequations3,4and5,wecanďŹnallyprobabilisticallymeasure
the degree of the interoperable behavior of the callee proccess. The probabilityP(D=
1) is themetric quantitywhich states how often the the callee shows an interoperable
behaviorunderarbitrary incomingmessagesM.
6. ConclusionandOutlook
In this paper,we investigated the call of operations bymessagepassing as a special as-
pect of interoperability.We designed a causal model formalizing this behavior. It en-
ables us to quantify the degree of interoperability, that is howsuccessful the dispatcher
calls aprocessâsoperationaccording toan incomingmessage. It is assumed that there is
anoperational communicationbetweenprocesses.Ourapproachcontributes toprevious
work onC4IF byPersisteras andTarabanis; it can be embedded into theConsolidation
interoperability levelof their framework.
S. Kotstein and C. Decker /AnApproach for Measuring IoT
Interoperability178
Intelligent Environments 2019
Workshop Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Intelligent Environments
- Title
- Intelligent Environments 2019
- Subtitle
- Workshop Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Intelligent Environments
- Authors
- AndrĂŠs MuĂąoz
- Sofia Ouhbi
- Wolfgang Minker
- Loubna Echabbi
- Miguel Navarro-CĂa
- Publisher
- IOS Press BV
- Date
- 2019
- Language
- German
- License
- CC BY-NC 4.0
- ISBN
- 978-1-61499-983-6
- Size
- 16.0 x 24.0 cm
- Pages
- 416
- Category
- Tagungsbände