Page - 56 - in JRFM - Journal Religion Film Media, Volume 03/01

56 | Theresia Heimerl www.jrfm.eu 2017, 3/1, 45–57 rather, it could be argued that the gender-role structure of Japanese society, which in many respects has remained highly traditional to this day, provides the background for the divergent depiction of sexuality, as this system concedes correspondingly greater sexual freedom to males and, contrary to the West, lacks the 200 years tradition of the romantic male/female relationship as the ideal locus of sexuality. Consequently, sexual violence as part of the standard repertoire of villains, both with respect to their own actions and in their acceptance of, or incitement to, sexual violence including gang rape, is not an emanation of a religious con- cept of evil, but simply a transposition of real-life male behaviour into fictional narratives. in any case, this sort of sexual violence is presented as “good” on neither side of the Pacific. BiBLiOGrAPhy Augustine, Quaestiones in heptateuchum Vi, 10 (Patrologiae Latinae cursus completus Bd 34, Paris: Migne 1969). Augustine, De Civitate Dei i, 21 (Patrologiae Latinae cursus completus Bd 41, Paris: Migne 1969). Beson-Allott, Caetlin, 2012, The Queer Fat of Philip Seymour Hoffman, in: Shary, Timothy (ed.), Mil- lennial Masculinity. Men in Contemporary American Cinema, Detroit: Wayne state University Press, 391–430. Brown, Peter, 1991, Die Keuschheit der engel. sexuelle entsagung, Askese und Körperlichkeit am Anfang des Christentums, Munich: hanser. Brunner, Miriam, 2010, Manga, Paderborn: fink. Bryce, Mio/Davis, Jason, 2010, An Overview of Manga Genres, in: Johnson-Woods, toni (ed.), Man- ga. An Anthology of Global and Cultural Perspectives, New york: Continuum, 34–61. feichtinger, Christian, 2010, Gegenkörper. Körper als symbolsysteme des Guten und Bösen in Star Wars, Marburg: schüren. heimerl, theresia, 2013, Mütter und dämonische Verführerinnen. religiöse stereotypen des Weib- lichen im hollywoodkino und ein exkurs zur Lars von triers Antichrist, in: Visarius, Karsten/ Valentin, Joachim/Martin, Charles (eds.), räume, Körper und ikonen. (Post-)konfessionelle filmikonographien, Marburg: schüren, 160–171. heimerl, theresia, 2014, Der Körper der Märtyrerin und des Märtyrers. erzählungen von geschauter Gewalt als fromme Triebbefriedigung?, in: Giessauf, Johannes/Penz, Andrea/Wiesflecker, Peter (eds.), tabu, trauma und triebbefriedigung. Aspekte erlittener und geschauter Gewalt, Graz: Grazer Universitätsverlag, 234–238. heimerl, theresia, 2016, Ascetic Athletes. the hero-Body in Contemporary hollywood Cinema, in: Ornella, Alexander (ed.), Making humans, Oxford: inter-Disciplinary Press, 181–194. Köhn, stephan, 2016, Manga, in: Abel, Julia/Klein, Christian (eds.), Comics und Graphic Novels. eine einführung, stuttgart: Metzler, 257–259.