Page - 10 - in Media – Migration – Integration - European and North American Perspectives

Horst Pöttker | Successful Integration? 10 practice today: If the history of the Poles in the Rhine-Ruhr area is to be thought of as a case of successful integration, principles and practices might be found in both the mainstream and ethnic press of the time that might be worth emulating today. But if that history proves to be an example of an unsuccessful integration process, we should focus on structures and practices that journalism and the media should avoid if they are to encourage and further the integration process. Within a tradition stemming from Émile Durkheim’s influential work (Durkheim 1977, 306-316), social integration forms the basic concept for our understanding of integration: It is a desired social process that links the segments of a society (individuals, institutions, groups) by means of their particular awareness to a united societal whole, in which both similarities and unity on the one hand, and differences and conflict, on the other, are of importance. It can readily be seen that this definition, not concerned with cultural differences among the various parts of the societal whole, differs fundamentally from the concept of assimilation, which asserts cultural homogeneity as a precondition for societal unity. This difference becomes even more evident with the concept of intercultural media integration. For here, the intensity and content involved in communication between the different cultural segments of a society, the knowledge – as a result of this communication – which different societal sectors have of each other, participation in societal institutions, and the acceptance of basic cultural values serve as indicators of successful integration (Geißler/Pöttker 2005, 41). This definition is not only in contrast to the concept of assimilation, but also to ideas that with regard to migrants and ethnic minorities are not concerned with the issue of societal unity, but, instead, focus on (individual or cultural) identity. As the concept of intercultural media integration consciously focuses not on homogeneity, but on mutual knowledge and communication about differences, high priority is assigned to discovering what makes society possible without questioning the identity of the individual or group. Behind this idea is the premise that societal structures which destroy the identities of individuals or groups cannot themselves persist for a long period of time. Within the scope of the approach described in this article, research methods are closely related to the specific research issues. Section 2 is designed to determine the degree of success in the integration of the Ruhr Poles. Thus, data, documents, and literature are subject to analysis here. The two following sections (3 and 4) deal with reports in the German local press and in the Polish ethnic press (in the selective translation by the monitoring German authorities) and summarize the tentative findings of our ongoing quantitative and qualitative analysis of the specific historical newspapers. Finally, the last section contains an interpretation of these findings and applies a perspective of