Page - 86 - in Media – Migration – Integration - European and North American Perspectives

Petra Herczeg | Migrants and Ethnic Minorities in Austria 86 use involves many opportunities to orient relationships between various segments of a society, which also applies to the relationship between the majority and ethnic minorities. How various groups deal with different languages is also a question of ideology. 4.1 A Typology of Transcultural Media In her master thesis, Wögerer characterized “transcultural media” in Austria and defined these as media which deal with issues like integration or multiculturalism and promote a counter-establishment public sphere or countercultural developments (Wögerer 2004, 82). She compiled a list of transcultural media in Austria and developed a typology for the print media involved. Wögerer describes transcultural media as exhibiting the following features: - Multi-, inter- and transcultural content; - Critical or semi-professional journalism; - Linked to social movements; - An interest in promoting a counter-establishment public sphere: a form of communication on integration issues not provided by the mainstream media (Wögerer 2004, 84) Wögerer’s typology is oriented toward key issues and specific target groups (Wögerer 2004, 94). This orientation is somewhat problematic, as the typology is not limited to migrants’ media or media for ethnic groups. The typology includes the following: - Print magazines of associations or magazines aimed at increasing donations for projects related to migrants’ issues – for instance, the “Gute Zeitung” (Wiener Integrationshaus), “Zebratl” (Verein ZEBRA), “Hin & Her” (Caritas) or ”ÖIF-Magazin. Integration in Focus” (Austrian Integration Fund). - Magazines concerned with migration policies, in which a theoretical discussion of issues relevant to migration takes place, e.g., “Liga” (Österreichische Liga für Menschenrechte/Austrian League for Human Rights), “Stimme von und für Minderheiten” (Initiative Minderheiten/Initiative Minorities), “Die Bunte Zeitung” (Verein “Die Bunten”) and “Mega- phon” (Caritas Graz). - Cultural magazines such as “der.wisch” (Kulturverein Kanafani/Cultural club Kanafani) deal with specific cultural issues and antiracism.