Page - 369 - in Menschenrechte und Gerechtigkeit als bleibende Aufgaben - Beiträge aus Religion, Theologie, Ethik, Recht und Wirtschaft

© 2020, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht GmbH & Co. KG, Göttingen ISBN Print: 9783847111658 – ISBN E-Lib: 9783737011655 hibited.57 Similarly, the Committee against Torture showed concern over the mandatory death penalty for acts of apostasy, whichwas not in line with the CAT.58 2.5. Corporalpunishment Alreadyin1997,theUNSpecialRapporteuronTortureexpressedhisconviction thatcorporalpunishmentsuchasamputationandfloggingis“inconsistentwith theprohibitionof tortureandother cruel, inhumanordegrading treatmentor punishment enshrined, inter alia , in theUDHR, the ICCPR,…and theCAT,” noting that evenwhen States ground these punishments in Islamic law “there exists a great divergenceof views among Islamic scholars andclerics…[and] that the overwhelmingmajority ofmember States of the Organization of the IslamicConferencedonothavecorporalpunishment intheirdomestic laws.”59 The Committee against Torture has since unequivocally stated that the practiceofcorporalpunishmentssuchasfloggingoramputation–asforeseenin the SPCO–are aviolationof theCATsince they amount to torture and cruel, inhumanordegradingtreatmentorpunishment,”andcalledfortheirimmediate abolition.60 In the considerationof the initial State report ofYemen, theCom- mitteeagainstTortureexpressed itsgrounds forconcern: Onthematterofflogging, theCommitteehadbeenapprisedthatthepurpose ofthepunishmentwasnotsomuchtoinflictpainastohumiliatethevictim.…If thepurposewas to inflictpain, thepunishmentwouldseemtoviolatearticle1, and if theobjectwassimply tohumiliate thevictim, it appeared toconstitutea violationofarticle16.61 Likewise, theHumanRightsCommittee has expressed the “firmopinionof the Committee that corporal punishment constitutes cruel, inhuman and de- grading treatment or punishment contrary to article 7 of the Covenant. The Committeefindsthatby imposingasentenceofwhipping…theStatepartyhas violated”theabsoluteprohibitionof tortureandcruel, inhumananddegrading treatmentorpunishment.62 57 UNHumanRightsCommittee,General commentNo.36,para. 37. 58 UNCommitteeagainstTorture,CAT/C/MRT/CO/2,para. 34f. 59 NigelS.Rodney,ReportoftheSpecialRapporteurtotheCommissiononHumanRightsof10 January1997,E/CN.4/1997/7,para10. 60 UnitedNationsCommitteeagainstTorture,Concludingobservationsonthesecondperiodic report of Saudi Arabia of 8 June 2016, CAT/C/SAU/CO/2, para. 10f. See also Nowak / McArthur,CATCommentary,pp. 543–547andpp.561–564. 61 UNCAT/C/SR.583,para. 10. 62 UnitedNationsHumanRights Committee, GeorgeOsbourne v. Jamaica, Communication No.759/1997, views of 13 April 2000, CCPR/C/68/D/759/1997 (2000), para. 9.1.; United The impactof religiononuniversalhumanrights inBrunei’sSyariahPenalCode 369 Open-Access-Publikation im Sinne der CC-Lizenz BY 4.0