Page - 283 - in Otto Bauer (1881–1938) - Thinker and Politician
Image of the Page - 283 -
Text of the Page - 283 -
the question ofwar in bauer’s thought 283
reality, however, the socialist parties, frightenedby thewar, abandoned
thestruggleagainst theircapitalistgovernments.19
2 Bauer’sOppositiontothesdapPositiononWorldWari
Bauer laterwenton to substantiate theposition takenat the last congressof
theSecondInternationalmorethoroughly intwoarticleswrittenin1912,both
of whichwere published under theHeinrichWebermoniker: ‘Der Sozialis-
musundderKrieg’ (‘SocialismandWar’) and ‘Balkankriegunddiedeutsche
Politik’ (‘War intheBalkansandGermanPolicies’).Heviewedwar fromahis-
torical classperspective,overemphasisingeconomic factorsat theexpenseof
thepolitical.Hisnotionofthecausesofwarwasone-sided:hecitedthesocial
conditions based on private ownership of themeans of production, as well
as the class character of the capitalist state. In the era of imperialism, Bauer
argued,warhadbecomenecessary, resulting fromanimmanentexpansionist
tendency thatmadeanyenduringpeace impossible. Bauer linked thenature
oftheBalkanwartothepoliticsofthepropertiedclasses.Whendescribingthe
negativeconsequencesofimperialistwar–suchaseconomiccollapse,destruc-
tion,andlossofhumanlife–heconcededthat theyaffectedall socialclasses.
Nonetheless,hewas inclined toseewarasa factorofhistoricaldevelopment.
Forhim,thedestructionofoldsocialstructuresandexistingpoliticalrelations
counted as progress. Bauer did not go as far as the left of the Second Inter-
national (Vaillant,Luxemburg,Lenin),whichdemandedthat imperialistwars
betweennations be transformed intowars against the governments of their
respective countries. Although hewanted Social Democracy to support the
revolutionaryforcesinRussiaandtheBalkancountriesintheirstruggleagainst
19 ‘Der4.August1914hatdemaskiert,waswar. JahrzehntelanghattederrevolutionäreSozi-
alismus erwartet, ein europäischer Kriegwerde es demProletariat ermöglichen, die…
unmittelbar revolutionäre Aktionwiederaufzunehmen, die Erschütterung der kapital-
istischenGesellschaft durchdenKriegunddieBewaffnungderVolksmassendurchden
KriegzurevolutionärerEroberungderStaatsmachtunddamitzurUmwälzungderGesell-
schaftsordnungauszunutzen.HättederSozialismustatsächlichdierevolutionäreZukun-
ftsperspektivefestgehalten,sohätteeramBeginndesKriegesdiekapitalistischenKlassen
undihreRegierungenfürdenKriegverantwortlichmachenmüssen…Erhätte,seierauch
in die Illegalität gedrängt, die Ausnützung einer revolutionären Situation vorbereiten
müssen,die imVerlaufedesKriegesoderamEndedesKriegeskommenmusste. InWirk-
lichkeitaberhabendiesozialistischenParteien,vomKriegeerschreckt,denKampfgegen
diekapitalistischenRegierungeneingestellt’–Bauer1976p,p.251.
Otto Bauer (1881–1938)
Thinker and Politician
- Title
- Otto Bauer (1881–1938)
- Subtitle
- Thinker and Politician
- Author
- Ewa Czerwińska-Schupp
- Publisher
- Brill
- Location
- Leiden
- Date
- 2017
- Language
- English
- License
- CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
- ISBN
- 978-90-04-32583-8
- Size
- 7.9 x 12.0 cm
- Pages
- 444
- Keywords
- Otto Bauer, Österreich, Österreichische, Politiker, Denker, Austomarxismus, Sozialismus, Moral, Imperialismus, Nation, Demokratie, Revolution, Staat, Faschismus, Krieg, SDAP
- Category
- Biographien