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Otto Bauer (1881–1938) - Thinker and Politician
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the question ofwar in bauer’s thought 283 reality, however, the socialist parties, frightenedby thewar, abandoned thestruggleagainst theircapitalistgovernments.19 2 Bauer’sOppositiontothesdapPositiononWorldWari Bauer laterwenton to substantiate theposition takenat the last congressof theSecondInternationalmorethoroughly intwoarticleswrittenin1912,both of whichwere published under theHeinrichWebermoniker: ‘Der Sozialis- musundderKrieg’ (‘SocialismandWar’) and ‘Balkankriegunddiedeutsche Politik’ (‘War intheBalkansandGermanPolicies’).Heviewedwar fromahis- torical classperspective,overemphasisingeconomic factorsat theexpenseof thepolitical.Hisnotionofthecausesofwarwasone-sided:hecitedthesocial conditions based on private ownership of themeans of production, as well as the class character of the capitalist state. In the era of imperialism, Bauer argued,warhadbecomenecessary, resulting fromanimmanentexpansionist tendency thatmadeanyenduringpeace impossible. Bauer linked thenature oftheBalkanwartothepoliticsofthepropertiedclasses.Whendescribingthe negativeconsequencesofimperialistwar–suchaseconomiccollapse,destruc- tion,andlossofhumanlife–heconcededthat theyaffectedall socialclasses. Nonetheless,hewas inclined toseewarasa factorofhistoricaldevelopment. Forhim,thedestructionofoldsocialstructuresandexistingpoliticalrelations counted as progress. Bauer did not go as far as the left of the Second Inter- national (Vaillant,Luxemburg,Lenin),whichdemandedthat imperialistwars betweennations be transformed intowars against the governments of their respective countries. Although hewanted Social Democracy to support the revolutionaryforcesinRussiaandtheBalkancountriesintheirstruggleagainst 19 ‘Der4.August1914hatdemaskiert,waswar. JahrzehntelanghattederrevolutionäreSozi- alismus erwartet, ein europäischer Kriegwerde es demProletariat ermöglichen, die… unmittelbar revolutionäre Aktionwiederaufzunehmen, die Erschütterung der kapital- istischenGesellschaft durchdenKriegunddieBewaffnungderVolksmassendurchden KriegzurevolutionärerEroberungderStaatsmachtunddamitzurUmwälzungderGesell- schaftsordnungauszunutzen.HättederSozialismustatsächlichdierevolutionäreZukun- ftsperspektivefestgehalten,sohätteeramBeginndesKriegesdiekapitalistischenKlassen undihreRegierungenfürdenKriegverantwortlichmachenmüssen…Erhätte,seierauch in die Illegalität gedrängt, die Ausnützung einer revolutionären Situation vorbereiten müssen,die imVerlaufedesKriegesoderamEndedesKriegeskommenmusste. InWirk- lichkeitaberhabendiesozialistischenParteien,vomKriegeerschreckt,denKampfgegen diekapitalistischenRegierungeneingestellt’–Bauer1976p,p.251.
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Otto Bauer (1881–1938) Thinker and Politician
Title
Otto Bauer (1881–1938)
Subtitle
Thinker and Politician
Author
Ewa Czerwińska-Schupp
Publisher
Brill
Location
Leiden
Date
2017
Language
English
License
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
ISBN
978-90-04-32583-8
Size
7.9 x 12.0 cm
Pages
444
Keywords
Otto Bauer, Österreich, Österreichische, Politiker, Denker, Austomarxismus, Sozialismus, Moral, Imperialismus, Nation, Demokratie, Revolution, Staat, Faschismus, Krieg, SDAP
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Otto Bauer (1881–1938)