Page - 47 - in Clean Water Using Solar and Wind - Outside the Power Grid

© 2019 The Author. This is an Open Access book chapter distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits copying and redistribution for non-commercial purposes with no derivatives, provided the original work is properly cited (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). This does not affect the rights licensed or assigned from any third party in this book. The chapter is from the book Clean Water Using Solar and Wind: Outside the Power Grid, Gustaf Olsson (Author). doi: 10.2166/9781780409443_0047 Chapter 4 Water supply “Water is the driving force of all nature.” Leonardo da Vinci 1452–1519. Too many people today still have to fetch water for their daily needs. Providing water via piping requires pumping capacity and electric power. Pumping is fundamental for all water supply and treatment as well as for irrigation. Some basic properties of pumping are examined in 4.1. It is important to consider many non-technical issues concerning pumping systems. In 4.2 a few of these are discussed in the context of developing regions. The parameters that characterise pumping are described in 4.3 and pump efficiency is defined in 4.4. Naturally there are several necessary components to a pumping system and some key parts are described in 4.5. 4.1 PUMPING Pumping water – clean or contaminated – is a key operation in decentralised as well as centralised water operations. For the water supply the water must be moved from the source – a river or a lake – or drawn from underground to undergo treatment. In rural areas, water Downloaded from https://iwaponline.com/ebooks/book-pdf/520710/wio9781780409443.pdf by IWA Publishing user