Seite - 125 - in Freshwater Microplastics - Emerging Environmental Contaminants?

Modeling theFateandTransport ofPlastic Debris inFreshwaters:ReviewandGuidance MerelKooi,EllenBesseling,CarolienKroeze,AnnemarieP. vanWezel, andAlbertA.Koelmans Abstract Contaminationwithplasticdebrishasbeen recognizedasoneof today’s majorenvironmentalqualityproblems.Becausemostof thesourcesare landbased, concerns are increasingly focused on the freshwater and terrestrial environment. Fate and transport models for plastic debris can complement information from measurements andwill play an important role in the prospective risk assessment of plastic debris. We review the present knowledge with respect to fate and transportmodeling of plastic debris in freshwater catchment areas, focusing espe- cially on nano- and microplastics. Starting with a brief overview of theory and models for nonplastic particles, we discuss plastic-specific properties, processes, and existing mass-balance-, multimedia-, and spatiotemporally explicit fate models.Wefind that generallymany theoretical and conceptual approaches from This chapter has been externally peer reviewed. The original version of this chapter was revised. An erratum to this chapter can be found at DOI10.1007/978-3-319-61615-5_14. M.Kooi (*) AquaticEcologyandWaterQualityManagementGroup,WageningenUniversity&Research, 6700AA,Wageningen,Netherlands e-mail:merel.kooi@wur.nl E.Besseling andA.A.Koelmans AquaticEcologyandWaterQualityManagementGroup,WageningenUniversity&Research, 6700AA,Wageningen,Netherlands WageningenMarineResearch, 1970ABIJmuiden,Netherlands C.Kroeze Water Systems andGlobalChangeGroup,WageningenUniversity&Research, 6700AA, Wageningen,Netherlands A.P. vanWezel KWRWatercycleResearch Institute,Nieuwegein,Netherlands Copernicus Institute,UtrechtUniversity,Utrecht,Netherlands M.Wagner, S.Lambert (eds.),FreshwaterMicroplastics, HdbEnvChem58,DOI10.1007/978-3-319-61615-5_7, ©TheAuthor(s) 2018 125