Seite - 60 - in Differential Geometrical Theory of Statistics
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Entropy2016,18, 386
quelquechancede succĂšs sont celles qui sont fondĂ©es sur lâinterventiondes lois statistiques comme,par exemple,
la thĂ©orie cinĂ©tique des gaz. Ce point de vue, que je ne puis dĂ©velopper ici, peut se rĂ©sumer dâune façonun
peuvulgaire comme il suit: SupposonsquenousvoulionsplacerungraindâavoineaumilieudâuntasdeblĂ©;
cela sera facile; supposonsquenousvoulions ensuite lây retrouver et lâenretirer;nousnepourronsyparvenir.
Tous lesphĂ©nomĂšnes irrĂ©versibles,dâaprĂšscertainsphysiciens, seraientconstruits surcemodĂšle)â. InPoincarĂ©âs
lecture,Massieuhasgreatly inïŹuencedPoincarĂ© to introduceMassieucharacteristic function inprobability [86].
Aswehaveobserved,Poincaréhas introducedcharacteristic function inprobability lectureafterhis lectureon
thermodynamicswherehediscoveredinitssecondedition[85], theMassieuâscharacteristic function.Wecanread
thatâSincefromthefunctionsofMr.Massieuonecandeduceotherfunctionsofvariables,allequations
of thermodynamicscanbewrittensoas toonlycontain these functionsandtheirderivatives; itwill
thusresult insomecases,agreat simpliïŹcation(Puisquedes fonctionsdeM.MassieuonpeutdĂ©duire
lesautres fonctionsdesvariables, toutes lesĂ©quationsde laThermodynamiquepourrontsâĂ©crirede
maniÚreà neplusrenfermerqueces fonctionset leursdérivées; il enrésulteradonc,danscertainscas,
unegrandesimpliïŹcation).â[85].He [85]addedâMM.GibbsvonHelmholtz,Duhemhaveusedthis
functionH=UâTSassumingthatTandVareconstant.Mr. vonHelmotzhascalled it âfreeenergyâ
andalsoproposes togivehimthenameofâkineticpotentialâ;Duhemcalled it âthe thermodynamic
potentialat constantvolumeâ; this is themost justiïŹednaming(MM.Gibbs,vonHelmoltz,Duhemont
faitusagedecette functionH=TSâUenysupposantTetVconstants.M.vonHelmotz lâaappellĂ©e
énergie libreetaproposeégalementde luidonner lenomdepotentialkinetique;M.Duhemlanomme
potentiel thermodynamique Ă volume constant; câest la dĂ©nomination la plus justiïŹĂ©e)â. In 1906,
HenriPoincarĂ©alsopublishedanote [87]âReïŹectiononThekinetic theoryofgasesâ (RĂ©ïŹexionssur la
thĂ©oriecinĂ©tiquedesgaz),wherehe said that: âThekinetic theoryofgases leavesawkwardpoints for
thosewhoareaccustomedtomathematical rigor . . . Oneof thepointswhichembarrassedmemost
was the followingone: it is aquestionofdemonstrating that theentropykeepsdecreasing,but the
reasoningofGibbsseemstosuppose thathavingmadevarytheoutsideconditionswewait that the
regimeisestablishedbeforemakingthemvaryagain. Is this suppositionessential,or inotherwords,
wecouldarriveatopposite results to theprincipleofCarnotbymakingvarytheoutsideconditions
toofast so that thepermanentregimehas timetobecomeestablished?â.
Jean-Marie Souriau has elaborated a disruptive and innovative âthĂ©orie gĂ©omĂ©trique de la
chaleur (geometric theory of heat)â [88] after theworks of his predecessors as illustrated inFigure 4:
âthĂ©orie analytique de la chaleur (analytic theory of heat)â by Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier [88],
âthĂ©oriemĂ©caniquede la chaleur (mechanic theoryofheat)âbyFrançoisClausius [89]andFrançoisMassieu
andâthĂ©oriemathĂ©matique de la chaleur (mathematic theory of heat)âbySimĂ©on-DenisPoisson [90,91],
as illustrated in thisïŹgure:
Figure 4. âThĂ©orie analytique de la chaleur (analytic theory of heat)â by Jean Baptiste Joseph
Fourier [88], âthĂ©oriemĂ©caniquede lachaleur (mechanic theoryofheat)âbyFrançoisClausius [89]
andâthĂ©oriemathĂ©matiquede lachaleur (mathematic theoryofheat)âbySimĂ©on-DenisPoisson[90].
60
Differential Geometrical Theory of Statistics
- Titel
- Differential Geometrical Theory of Statistics
- Autoren
- Frédéric Barbaresco
- Frank Nielsen
- Herausgeber
- MDPI
- Ort
- Basel
- Datum
- 2017
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
- ISBN
- 978-3-03842-425-3
- Abmessungen
- 17.0 x 24.4 cm
- Seiten
- 476
- Schlagwörter
- Entropy, Coding Theory, Maximum entropy, Information geometry, Computational Information Geometry, Hessian Geometry, Divergence Geometry, Information topology, Cohomology, Shape Space, Statistical physics, Thermodynamics
- Kategorien
- Naturwissenschaften Physik