Seite - 358 - in Glaubenskämpfe - Katholiken und Gewalt im 19. Jahrhundert

358 English Abstracts Katharina Stornig »The Children Grow Up Without Discipline«: Religion, Childhood and Violence in Colonial New Guinea Around 1900 Focusing on the years around 1900, this chapter discusses the relationship between religion and violence in Catholic missionary education on Tumleo, a small island in what was then German New Guinea. Paying attention to missionary acts of and to debates on the use or non-use of corporal pun- ishment for allegedly pedagogical purposes, this chapter attempts to shift the analytical focus from questioning the nature of or motivation for »reli- gious violence« in general terms towards a systematic analysis of specific local cases. By asking not only how violence was legitimized but also against whom it was directed, this chapter points to how the intersection of age, race, gender and sexuality shaped the debate. It shows that, apart from empha- sizing obedience and belonging to a long-standing tradition of corporal punishment within (Catholic) educational practices, missionaries predomi- nantly legitimized violence with reference to their views of the »nature« of indigenous children as racialized and sexualized human beings who were especially susceptible to sin. Corporal punishment had to correct corrupt behaviour. Péter Techet Moments of Violence Among Rural Catholics in the Late Habsburg Monarchy: The Church Dispute in Ricmanje, near Trieste Around 1900, Ricmanje, a small village in the hinterland of the port city of Trieste, became the scene for a years-long church dispute. At its centre stood the villagers’ demands to be organised as an independent parish and for services to follow a liturgy in their own vernacular, both of which the diocese refused to grant. During the ensuing conflict with the church hier- archy, locals greeted priests sent by the diocese to restore order with acts of both verbal and physical violence. This chapter shows how the struggle for their own parish and for the Slavonic liturgy increasingly estranged villag- ers from the Roman Catholic Church, as locals abandoned or changed their religious allegiance as well as replaced religious ceremonies like marriages and funerals with secular counterparts. This religious dimension was, how- ever, completely omitted from urban discourse and reports in the capital’ s press. Instead, the church dispute was seen either as a part of the Habsburg