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Figure 3. Resolving calls – counsellor.
2.2. Designing information systems to cope with unexpected events
How health informatics can enable systems to cope with the unexpected will be
illustrated through a case study of a thunderstorm asthma event in Melbourne,
Australia.[26] Over two days in November 2016, nearly 10,000 people presented at
hospital Emergency Departments with breathing difficulties, and nine people died. The
efficiency and effectiveness of locally embedded health information networks enabled
emergency services to manage the unanticipated increase in ambulance calls and
hospital presentations, however the crisis revealed deficiencies in command and control
level information systems. A useful tool for proactive evaluation of resilience in
response to unexpected events is the Resilience Assessment Grid (RAG).[27]
The RAG was derived by considering four essential capabilities of resilience
(Figure 4): knowing what to do in response to unexpected occurrences and being
capable of doing it (actual), knowing how to identify early that developing events
might prove problematic (critical), knowing what to expect as events develop
(potential), and learning from what has happened in the past (factual). The ability to
respond includes taking unpredictability into account and adjusting responses to enable
local experts to improvise. The ability to monitor includes tracking how things are
being done well and understanding Work-as-Done. The ability to anticipate includes
policy makers balancing prescriptive controls with local level discretion, improvisation
and judgement. The ability to learn should be based on frequency and severity of what
goes right.
The RAG can be proactively applied by evaluating an organisation in terms of the
four capabilities. This evaluation is usually completed as a series of probing questions
that can be answered via a combination of interviews, focus groups, ethnography and
audit or document review.
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Buch Applied Interdisciplinary Theory in Health Informatics - Knowledge Base for Practitioners"
Applied Interdisciplinary Theory in Health Informatics
Knowledge Base for Practitioners
- Titel
- Applied Interdisciplinary Theory in Health Informatics
- Untertitel
- Knowledge Base for Practitioners
- Autoren
- Philip Scott
- Nicolette de Keizer
- Andrew Georgiou
- Verlag
- IOS Press BV
- Ort
- Amsterdam
- Datum
- 2019
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- CC BY-NC 4.0
- ISBN
- 978-1-61499-991-1
- Abmessungen
- 16.0 x 24.0 cm
- Seiten
- 242
- Kategorie
- Informatik