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onevoice: thePolesdidnotsucceed inmaking thecelebration(itwasaregular
event taking place every year) something particularly impressive; the Ruthe-
nians were divided: Russophiles wanted to use the occasion to petition the
sovereignwhereasUkrainophiles persisted in seeing Francis Joseph as Joseph
II’sheir; in theendtheypreferredtoshow thepictureofunity.32
InBrünnonthecontraryGermanswereofcourseconsideredbytheCzechsas
objectivealliesofViennaandtherewasareluctancetoparticipateinceremonies
thatwereseenas instrumentedby themajority.However therewerepractically
no examples of demonstration of hostility or refusal to attend dynastic cere-
monies.Theauthoritieswerecautious toavoidanymovementof contestation:
onbothsidesofthemonarchy townhallsandpublicbuildingsweredeckedwith
flags, streets were illuminated, services were held by all religious leaders, the
militarymusicmarchedandentertained thepublic. Everybodywas concerned
andcelebratedtogether.Casesofseparatefestivitiesdidnotoccurinthecitieswe
are concernedwith but nevertheless this could happen: inDecember 1908 in
Laibach the unveiling of a statue of Francis Josephwas the occasionof a con-
siderablecelebrationofcitypatriotismbutitwasinterpretedbytheGermansas
ademonstrationofSlovenenationalism(the townhadby thenbecome largely
Slovene) and therefore they organized their own commemoration at the city
theatre.33 Itwasnot lesspatriotic and loyal than theSlovenecelebration, but it
wasundoubtedlydistinctthusmeaningthatthetransnationalaspectofdynastic
loyaltywas somehow lost.
Justas inLaibachthe jubileesweretheoccasiontobuildnewinfrastructures
andalsotocreatefoundationsmainlyforschoolsandcharity.Inthisrespecteach
group put its initiative under the aegis of Francis Joseph: this was not only
symbolicbecausethesovereignhadtogivepermissiontousehisnameforthese
various initiatives. The foundationsmultiplied in 1898 aswell as in 1908 pro-
vidingscholarshipsandassistance toneedypupils andstudents.Thephenom-
enonwas particularly remarkable in BrünnwhereGermans andCzechs com-
petedinfoundingnewcharity institutions‘marketed’withthejubilee.Thesame
could be said to some extent for Lembergwhere the Ruthenians also claimed
their attachment to the emperor by namingmanyof their foundations by his
nameassoonas1888 for the40-years jubilee. InTrieste thecelebrationsof the
jubilees reflected thepolitical situation: the Italiansweredividedbetween lib-
(ed.),TheLimitsofLoyalty.Imperialsymbolism,popularallegiances,andstatepatriotismin
the lateHabsburgMonarchy,NewYork2007,p. 116.
32 Unowsky,Celebrating twoEmperorsandaRevolution(seenote31),p. 124.
33 EgonPelikan,Laibach/Ljubljana:nationaleundpolitischeSelbstdarstellungimöffentlichen
Raumumdie Jahrhundertwende, in: Heidemarie Uhl/Christian Gerbel/Reinhard Kanno-
nier/HelmutKonrad/AxelKörner(ed.),UrbaneElitenundkulturellerWandel,Bologna1996,
p. 183–184.
ImperialChallenges inAustro-HungarianMulticulturalCities 285
Österreich-Ungarns imperiale Herausforderungen
Nationalismen und Rivalitäten im Habsburgerreich um 1900
- Titel
- Österreich-Ungarns imperiale Herausforderungen
- Untertitel
- Nationalismen und Rivalitäten im Habsburgerreich um 1900
- Autoren
- Wolfram Dornik
- Bernhard Bachinger
- Stephan Lehnstaedt
- Verlag
- V&R unipress GmbH
- Datum
- 2020
- Sprache
- deutsch
- Lizenz
- CC BY 4.0
- ISBN
- 978-3-7370-1060-3
- Abmessungen
- 15.5 x 23.2 cm
- Seiten
- 362
- Schlagwörter
- KUK, K.U.K, Habsburg, Monarchie, Österreich-Ungarn
- Kategorien
- Geschichte Vor 1918