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call ofoperationsbymessagepassing,whichmeans thatonly this specificaspect canbe
measured using ametric scale.However, this aspect can be embedded into the existing
classification approaches, so that all other aspects of interoperability are still hierarchi-
callymeasurable, but this one specific aspect offers a complementarymetricmeasure-
mentmethod.Toembedtheaspectwhichiscoveredbyourmetricmeasurementmethod,
weuseaclassification frameworkwhichhasbeendesignedbyPersisterasandTarabanis
in addition to the twelve approacheswhich they have analyzed.TheConnection,Com-
munication, Consolidation, and Collaboration Interoperability Framework (C4IF) uses
anevolutionaryperspectiveaswell. It defines the following levelsof interoperability:
• Connection: Includes theaspectsofbeingable toexchangesignalsbetween two
informationsystemcomponents.
• Communication:Theabilityofcomponents toexchangeanykindofdatawhich
is conform to a predefined data format agreed by both components. This level
encompasses twoaspect sub levels covering thedata formatof single exchanged
strings ([6]mentions adata format for a stringwithdd/mm/yyyyas anexample)
on thefirst level aswell as the data format ofwhole structures (e.g. an JSONor
XMLschema)on the second level.
• Consolidation: Includes the aspect of being able to understand exchangeddata.
This requires that both components share and agree on the same meta model
describing the semanticmeaningofa single stringandwholedata structures.
• Collaboration:Thehighest levelof interoperability includes theabilitynotonly
to understand themeaning of exchanged data but also to use the data in such a
way that whole processes andworkflows can be formed by triggeringmultiple
functions and services. [6] describes this level as “the ability of systems to act
together”.Theseactions should triggerchanges in thephysicalworld.
According to Persisteras and Tarabanis, the C4IF has been developed by transfer-
ring somewell-established concepts from linguistics into the concepts of information
system interoperability.More in detail, these four levels of interoperability aremapped
to equivalent levels of the human communication. Persisteras andTarabanis argue, that
these concepts of linguistics are considered as common to any kind of communication
scenarioandcan thereforebeapplied toallkindof interoperability scenario in the infor-
mationsystemcontext [6].For the fulfillmentofour interoperabilityaspectof issuingan
operation by sending amessage,we assume that the aspects of theConnection aswell
as of theCommunication levelmust be fulfilled so that an operation can be issued by
sendingamessage.Nevertheless, it is required that the receiverof themessage isable to
understand itsmeaning inorder to choose andperform the appropriate operation. Since
the terminology “message passing” can be considered as equal to the terminology of
“exchangingdata”, theaspect isplaced in theConsolidation level.
4. Metric InteroperabilityMeasurementModel
Our approach tomeasure the degree of interoperability as ametric quantity is inspired
by the observation of communicating processes within the consolidation level of the
C4IF classification scheme. In the following,wewill decompose this behavior in order
toextract relevant componentsof themodel.
S. Kotstein and C. Decker /AnApproach for Measuring IoT Interoperability 173
Intelligent Environments 2019
Workshop Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Intelligent Environments
- Titel
- Intelligent Environments 2019
- Untertitel
- Workshop Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Intelligent Environments
- Autoren
- Andrés Muñoz
- Sofia Ouhbi
- Wolfgang Minker
- Loubna Echabbi
- Miguel Navarro-Cía
- Verlag
- IOS Press BV
- Datum
- 2019
- Sprache
- deutsch
- Lizenz
- CC BY-NC 4.0
- ISBN
- 978-1-61499-983-6
- Abmessungen
- 16.0 x 24.0 cm
- Seiten
- 416
- Kategorie
- Tagungsbände