Seite - 83 - in JRFM - Journal Religion Film Media, Band 03/01

Shadows of the Bat | 83www.jrfm.eu 2017, 3/1, 75–104 ent consumer society that rejected him as a monster (see fig. 4–5). He kidnaps shreck and blackmails him into assisting his ascent into the world above, recy- cling shreck’s dirty secrets that have washed up in his underground kingdom and using them against him. from toxic waste to body parts – the by-products of a ruthless capitalism. Figs. 4–5: The view of the outcast: the Penguin watches the Christmas charade on Gotham Plaza (fig. 4) from his underground world and executes his revenge on the society that expelled him on Christmas Eve as a child (fig. 5). Film stills, Batman Returns (Tim Burton, US 1992), 00:11:04, 01:34:51.