Seite - (000160) - in Knowledge and Networks

153 one of its first proponents and used the approach to study the relation among theater managers in the United States. Other seminal works using blockmodeling are Mohr’s study (1994) of non-profit organizations at the beginning of the twentieth century, and Padget and Ansell’s (1993) investigation of relationships among Florentine families in order to understand the rise of the Medici. The idea behind blockmodeling is to group together those individuals who share similar patterns of relationships with other individuals in the network (see Breiger, 2004, for a review of the methodology). As a result, musicians placed in the same block will be struc- turally similar, meaning that they will be likely to display the same pattern of ties to other actors in the network. Nevertheless, structurally similar actors are not neces- sarily connected. There are several methodologies for obtaining block models from a given net- work (for a review, see Ferligoj, Doreian, & Batagelj, 2011). CONCOR Table 8.4 Evolution of trajectory types in the Jazz field Type of trajectory 1930– 1934 1935– 1939 1940– 1944 1945– 1949 1950– 1954 1955– 1959 1960– 1964 1965– 1969 Trajectory type musicians per period 1 70 118 144 132 119 142 106 105 2 188 519 418 622 497 930 881 142 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 1 6 64 181 237 394 382 442 350 207 7 74 41 16 10 7 7 7 5 8 9 38 26 40 53 124 232 957 31 17 19 20 21 18 20 19 15 32 13 23 42 47 47 49 44 40 41 6 10 12 17 23 28 27 21 42 3 6 20 51 67 76 70 50 Total 449 959 939 1338 1217 1821 1739 1543 Percentage of trajectory type per period 1 16 % 12 % 15 % 10 % 10 % 8 % 6 % 7 % 2 42 % 54 % 45 % 46 % 41 % 51 % 51 % 9 % 5 1 % 0 % 0 % 0 % 0 % 0 % 0 % 0 % 6 14 % 19 % 25 % 29 % 31 % 24 % 20 % 13 % 7 16 % 4 % 2 % 1 % 1 % 0 % 0 % 0 % 8 2 % 4 % 3 % 3 % 4 % 7 % 13 % 62 % 31 4 % 2 % 2 % 2 % 1 % 1 % 1 % 1 % 32 3 % 2 % 4 % 4 % 4 % 3 % 3 % 3 % 41 1 % 1 % 1 % 1 % 2 % 2 % 2 % 1 % 42 1 % 1 % 2 % 4 % 6 % 4 % 4 % 3 % Total 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 % Note. Cluster 1: Ivory Tower; Cluster 2: Wanna-be; Cluster 5: Ivy League; Cluster 6: Up-Starters; Cluster 31: Elite, first generation (1930–1944), Cluster 32: Elite, second generation (1945–1969); Cluster 41: Shooting Star, first generation (1930–1949); Cluster 42: Shooting Star, second genera- tion (1950–1969). (Design by the author) 8 Trajectory Types Across Network Positions: Jazz Evolution from 1930 to 1969