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1 Science forLossandDamage.FindingsandPropositions 5
insuranceforlossesduetosea-levelrise(INC1991),ittookabout20years,alongside
increasing evidence and public awareness of climate change impacts and risks as
collatedprominently in reports by the Intergovernmental Panel onClimateChange
(IPCC), for it to be recognised at the institutional level. In 2007UNFCCC’s 13th
ConferenceoftheParties(COP13)inBalifirstbroadlyconsideredmeanstoaddress
LossandDamage,yetonly in2012atCOP18 inDohadidParties for thefirst time
decide to consider institutional arrangements to address L&D,which in 2013 led
negotiators atCOP19 to establish the “Warsaw InternationalMechanism forLoss
andDamageassociatedwithClimateChangeImpacts”(WIM)(UNFCCC2013). In
2015atCOP21,theParisAgreementestablishedaseparatearticleonL&Dendorsing
theMechanism(UN2015) (seeFig. 1.1). Since its establishment, theWIM,whose
ExecutiveCommitteehasdevisedworkprogrammestoinformthedeliberations,has
been subject to intense debate.While some consider it a distinct building block of
negotiationsundertheUNFCCCalongsidemitigationandadaptation,otherssuggest
that it is supposed to be an integral part of the negotiations under climate change
adaptation. The implications and final directions for thisMechanism, which will
undergo reviewin2019, are, however, largelyunclear.
Thedebate currently is broad, diffuse and somewhat confusing,while concepts,
methodsandtools,aswellasdirectionsforpolicyremainvagueandcontested.Over
the last fewyears, researchhas been requested to provide actionable input andhas
increasingly become active. Scholarship has started to provide evidence on losses
anddamages invulnerable countries (Warner andvanderGeest 2013), coined and
criticallyexamineddefinitions, therationaleandpluralperspectivesonthediscourse
(Verheyen andRoderick2008; James et al. 2015;VanderGeest andWarner 2015;
Vanhala andHestbaek 2016;Boyd et al. 2017), employed applicablemethods and
models(Gall2015;BirkmannandWelle2015;SchinkoandMechler2017),reviewed
roles for justice and equity considerations (Huggel et al. 2016a;Roser et al. 2015;
Wallimann-Helmer 2015), spent due attention onnon-economic losses (Serdeczny
et al. 2017; Tschakert et al. 2017;Wewerinke-Singh 2018a), supported crafting of
policyandgovernanceoptions(Pinninti2013;PageandHeyward2017;Mechlerand
Schinko2016;Croslandetal.2016;BiermannandBoas2017)andexaminedtherole
oflegalresponsestoL&D(MaceandVerheyen2016;Mayer2016;Wewerinke-Singh
2018b).
Manygaps remain, not the least in terms of communication across the science-
policy interface. Analysts and observers, including the authors of this book, have
argued that thesegapshavehamperedunderstandingandprogress towardseffective
policy formulation, aswell as practical implementation.Aswedemonstrate in this
book, a more strongly evidence-based dialogue is desirable and feasible, and we
seeanumberofpromisingoptions for instillingmorecoherence into thedebateand
fosteralignmentwithotherpolicyagendas,particularlywithregardtoclimatechange
adaptation (CCA), current international effortsondisaster risk reduction (DRR), as
well as theUnitedNationsSustainableDevelopmentGoals (SDGs).
Thisbookthusaimsatprovidinginsights intotheL&Ddiscoursebyhighlighting
state-of-the-artresearchfrommultipledisciplinesaswellaspolicycontextsrelatedto
L&D.Itarticulates themultipleconcepts,principlesandmethodsrelevant forL&D,
Loss and Damage from Climate Change
Concepts, Methods and Policy Options
- Titel
- Loss and Damage from Climate Change
- Untertitel
- Concepts, Methods and Policy Options
- Autoren
- Reinhard Mechler
- Laurens M. Bouwer
- Thomas Schinko
- Swenja Surminski
- JoAnne Linnerooth-Bayer
- Verlag
- Springer Open
- Datum
- 2019
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- CC BY 4.0
- ISBN
- 978-3-319-72026-5
- Abmessungen
- 16.0 x 24.0 cm
- Seiten
- 580
- Schlagwörter
- Environment, Climate change, Environmental law, Environmental policy, Risk management
- Kategorien
- International
- Naturwissenschaften Umwelt und Klima