Seite - 15 - in Loss and Damage from Climate Change - Concepts, Methods and Policy Options
Bild der Seite - 15 -
Text der Seite - 15 -
1 Science forLossandDamage.FindingsandPropositions 15
considerations alongside principles of need and responsibility linked to risk-based
actions.Buildingonthefindingsofthetrendsandethicschapters,theauthorsdevelop
a policy proposal arguing for international support for needs-based comprehensive
climate riskmanagement.At the same time, they alsopropose to include actionon
liabilitiesattributabletoanthropogenicclimatechangeandassociatedimpacts.They
identify a policy space composed of, what they call curative and transformative
measures.Transformativemeasures aremeasures that gobeyond the standard tool-
box of riskmanagement, also involving actions that change fundamental systems’
attributes.Curativeactionwouldbetriggeredthroughtheidentificationofunavoided
andunavoidablelossesanddamagesattributedwithrelativelyhighconfidence tocli-
mate change (examples are impacts linked to sea-level rise and glacial retreat; see
IPCC2014a).Presentingandgoingbeyondapublicfinanceapplication, theauthors
maintain that thebroadriskand justiceapproachdevelopedmaybeapplied toother
highlycontestedL&Dissuessuchasmigrationand thepreservationofculturalher-
itage, asdiscussedelsewhere in thebook.
1.4.2 Critical IssuesShaping theDiscourse
Anumber of issues have been critical for shaping the discourse. Importantly, the
roleof attributionhasbeen in the limelight.Thechapter onAttribution: How is it
RelevantforLossandDamagePolicyandPractice?byRachelA.James,Richard
G. Jones, EmilyBoyd,HannahR.Young, FriederikeE. L.Otto, ChristianHuggel
andJanS.Fuglestvedtprovidesanoverviewofthestateofscientificevidencelinking
losses and damages to anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, and takes a criti-
cal look at the relevanceof this science forL&Dpolicy andpractice. The authors’
point of departure is a consideration of the existing understanding andperceptions
of attribution among policy-makers and observers to L&Ddiscussions. Following
severalyearsof research intostakeholderperspectivesonattributionandL&D, they
find thatattribution isoftenassociatedwith responsibilityandblame,and therefore,
somemightprefer toavoiddiscussionsofattribution.Yet,as theauthorsargue,attri-
butionscience itself isnotabout responsibility,but rather isascientific investigation
ofcausal linksbetweenelementsof theearthsystemandsociety.Thechapter there-
fore outlines available research into the causal connections between anthropogenic
climatechangeandL&Dfromaclimatescienceviewfocusedonchanges inhazard,
butalsofromariskresearchviewthatexaminesthedriversofexposureandvulnera-
bility.Thechaptercloseswithanexaminationofpotentialapplicationsofattribution
research, highlighting its importance to informpractical actions to avert,minimise
andaddressL&D.
Asmentioned, theL&Ddebate has been strongly shaped bypolitical rationale.
ElisaCalliari, Swenja Surminski and JaroslavMysiak’s chapter on thePolitics of
(and behind) the UNFCCC’s Loss and Damage Mechanism reviews political
science research and takes an international relations view on the L&D discourse
to enhance understanding of current negotiation processes. It also points outways
Loss and Damage from Climate Change
Concepts, Methods and Policy Options
- Titel
- Loss and Damage from Climate Change
- Untertitel
- Concepts, Methods and Policy Options
- Autoren
- Reinhard Mechler
- Laurens M. Bouwer
- Thomas Schinko
- Swenja Surminski
- JoAnne Linnerooth-Bayer
- Verlag
- Springer Open
- Datum
- 2019
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- CC BY 4.0
- ISBN
- 978-3-319-72026-5
- Abmessungen
- 16.0 x 24.0 cm
- Seiten
- 580
- Schlagwörter
- Environment, Climate change, Environmental law, Environmental policy, Risk management
- Kategorien
- International
- Naturwissenschaften Umwelt und Klima