Seite - 138 - in Loss and Damage from Climate Change - Concepts, Methods and Policy Options
Bild der Seite - 138 -
Text der Seite - 138 -
138 R.A. Jameset al.
toconsidersocialscienceresearchtounderstandlossesfromdisastersatalocal level
(e.g.WarnerandvanderGeest2013).
Perhapsthegreatestopportunityfor integrationwithattributionresearchlieswith
“disasterforensics”andrelatedfieldswhichseektoexaminepastdisasters,anddraw
lessons for future disaster riskmanagement (e.g.Keating et al. 2016). Techniques
include root-cause analysis (Blaikie et al. 2014),meta-analytical reviews (Mitchell
1999),longitudinalanalysisofmultipledisastersinaspecificlocation(Erikson1976;
Oliver-Smith andHoffman1999;Kreibich et al. 2017), and retrospective scenarios
(Joneset al. 2008).
5.4 Policy Implications:HowMightAttributionScienceBe
Applied toSupportActions toAddressLosses
andDamages?
Todate, ithasbeenchallenging to initiatedetailedconversations in thepolicyarena
about the potential relevanceof attribution science toL&D: inpart due to the con-
troversy surroundingL&D, and the associationwhich is oftenmadebetween attri-
butionandresponsibility,blame,andliability (seeSect.5.2). In thischapterweseek
to highlight that attribution science itself does not aim to establish responsibility;
and tooutline someof themotivations,methods, andfindingsofdifferent formsof
attribution research, also consideringhow the integrationof thesefields could lead
toa fullerunderstandingof the influenceofanthropogenicclimatechangeon losses
and damages (Sect. 5.3).Now, having reviewed the available attribution evidence,
weconsiderwhetherthissciencemighthaveanyusefulapplicationstosupportL&D
mechanisms,policies, andpractice.
Many attribution scientists have suggested that their research could be useful
for adaptation and/orL&D(e.g. Pall et al. 2011;Mitchell et al. 2016; Parker et al.
2017b). Parker et al. (2017a)’s literature review highlighted that climate scientists
frequentlyrefer tothepotentialapplicationsofPEA.However, theyfoundthat inthe
L&D literature itself, including, for example, publications fromnon-governmental
organisations, therewaslittlementionofattributionscience.Thissuggests that there
isaneedforscience-policydialogue toexplorepotential applications (inagreement
withe.g.Stott andWalton2013); and to this end, therehavealreadybeenanumber
of studies involving interviews with decision-makers about the potential uses of
attributionscience (e.g.Sippel et al. 2015).
One potential barrier in identifying applications for L&D is that it is not yet
clearexactlywhatactionstoaddress lossesanddamageswouldentail,withdifferent
stakeholdersholdingdifferentperspectivesandpriorities(Boydetal.2017;Fig.5.1).
Previous literaturehasalreadyhighlighted that thepotential role for science in rela-
tiontoL&Dmightbedifferentdependingonwhat ismeantbyL&D,andwhatL&D
mechanismsaimtodo(SurminskiandLopez2015;Huggeletal.2015a;chaptersby
Lopez et al. 2018 andSchinko et al. 2018).Hereweexplore potential applications
Loss and Damage from Climate Change
Concepts, Methods and Policy Options
- Titel
- Loss and Damage from Climate Change
- Untertitel
- Concepts, Methods and Policy Options
- Autoren
- Reinhard Mechler
- Laurens M. Bouwer
- Thomas Schinko
- Swenja Surminski
- JoAnne Linnerooth-Bayer
- Verlag
- Springer Open
- Datum
- 2019
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- CC BY 4.0
- ISBN
- 978-3-319-72026-5
- Abmessungen
- 16.0 x 24.0 cm
- Seiten
- 580
- Schlagwörter
- Environment, Climate change, Environmental law, Environmental policy, Risk management
- Kategorien
- International
- Naturwissenschaften Umwelt und Klima