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242 A.Heslinet al.
Fig.10.4 New internal displacements per year fromconflict and natural disasters. Data Source
InternalDisplacementMonitoringCentre2016
additional challenges of parsing environmentalmotivators from economic, social,
and political factors, which influencemigration decisions in tandem (Black et al.
2011).Due to this complexity, aswell as uncertainty in predicting future adaptive
capacity, predictionsof futuremovementsofpeople fromclimate changeandenvi-
ronmental causesvary from25million to1billion in2050 (IOM2017b).
In addition to internationalmovement, populationsmove internally inmassive
numbers in the face of environmental factors, including those affected by climate
change, such asnatural disasters, environmental degradation, droughts, andfloods.
TheInternalDisplacementMonitoringCentreestimates thenumberofnewinternal
displacementsperyearatvaluesfarabovethoseestimatesof internationalmigration
flowscalculatedbyAbel andSander (2014).As shown inFig. 10.4, thenumber of
internaldisplacementsin2016wasover30million.Ofthosedisplacedin2016,nearly
25millionweredisplacedbynaturaldisasters,with largevolumesofdisplacements
occurring in Asia, particularly China, India, and Pakistan, illustrated in Fig. 10.5
(IDMC2017).
Thecurrent volumeofdisplacements, internal and international, due toenviron-
mental stressors is striking.Withclimatechange increasingextremeweatherevents
aswell as long-termclimatevariability, the IPCCfindsevidence thatcurrentmigra-
tion is partly driven by climate change and projects an increased displacement of
people over the 21st century, yet assigns lowconfidence to quantitative projections
(IPCC2014).
Loss and Damage from Climate Change
Concepts, Methods and Policy Options
- Titel
- Loss and Damage from Climate Change
- Untertitel
- Concepts, Methods and Policy Options
- Autoren
- Reinhard Mechler
- Laurens M. Bouwer
- Thomas Schinko
- Swenja Surminski
- JoAnne Linnerooth-Bayer
- Verlag
- Springer Open
- Datum
- 2019
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- CC BY 4.0
- ISBN
- 978-3-319-72026-5
- Abmessungen
- 16.0 x 24.0 cm
- Seiten
- 580
- Schlagwörter
- Environment, Climate change, Environmental law, Environmental policy, Risk management
- Kategorien
- International
- Naturwissenschaften Umwelt und Klima