Seite - 243 - in Loss and Damage from Climate Change - Concepts, Methods and Policy Options

10 DisplacementandResettlement:Understanding… 243 Fig.10.5 Totalnumberofnewinternallydisplacedbynaturaldisasters2008–2016. DataSource InternalDisplacementMonitoringCentre2016 10.3 UnderstandingResettlement Whether internalor international, theeffectsofdisplacementcontinuemuchbeyond themomentofdeparture,andassuchwebrieflyaddress the literatureontheprocess ofresettlement.Thissectionprovidesanoverviewofthespacesandchallengesfaced bythedisplacedintheprocessofresettling,includingthoseforthevoluntarymigrant aswell as the refugee. The figure of the voluntarymigrant is often cast as onemotivated by rational choicesandsystematicdecisions.Whileconversationsregardingrefugeesareframed largelythroughquestionsoftherighttoasylumandthepoliticsofconflict, themigra- tionquestion is consumedbyquestions regarding their capacity tocontribute to the healthandsuccessof the local economywithoutdetracting fromlocal employment orhost communityculture (DeckardandHeslin2016).The framingofmigration in termsofeconomiccontributioncategorises thedesirabilityand,subsequently, legal- ityofmigrants inaspace(Golash-Boza2015).Thus,anticipating theways inwhich environmentalmigrants are receivedbyahost country is amatter ofunderstanding the economic desirability of that specific group in the country,which is subject to changewithvariations in theeconomicsituationof the receivingareaorcountry. In the United States, for example, immigrants of Hispanic and Latino orig- in—often crossing the nation’s Southern border escaping a difficult-to-disentangle combinationofdegradednatural resources,corruption,gangviolenceandeconomic disarray(BenderandArrocha2017)—representasignificantsourceofmigrantlabor