Seite - 89 - in Advances in Neuroimmunology

BrainSci. 2016,6, 25 4 h later to a degree comparable to that observed in Figure 2. Likewise, in accordwithprevious work[38],Figure3confirmsthatCCL2, IL-1β,TNFα, andTLR4mRNAsweresignificantly increased overcontrols incortex29hafterWCE(p<0.05). ThesecytokinemRNAincreases followingWCEwere comparable inmagnitude(80%–150%overcontrol) to the increases inducedbystress (Figure2). Figure 3. Effects of restraint stress orwithdrawal fromchronic ethanol (WCE) on cerebro-cortical neuroimmunemRNAs.Controlandstress rats receivednon-ethanolcontaining liquiddietsand1h restraint stressornostress, respectively. WCErats receivedchronic ethanol liquiddiet for 15days followedby29hofwithdrawal.Overall, a significanteffectwasalsonotedacross thegroups forCCL2 (F(2,23)=6.47,p<0.01)with individual comparisonofgroupsrevealingsignificanteffectsof stress orWCErelative to controls. Asimilarprofilewasnoted forTNFα (F(2,32)=10.2,p<0.001), IL-1β (F(2,27)=7.00,p<0.01),andTLR4(F(2,31)=4.97,p<0.05)andindividualgroupcomparisons to the respectivecontrols. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, **p<0.001versusControls.A,B,C, andDdelineatedata for CCL2,TNFα, IL-1βandTLR4mRNAs, respectively, (n=8–12pergroup). 89