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14 Harbourscapes 237 atic reconstruction of the city.29 In the course of these structural changes, an inner-citymar- ketplacewascreated,built onaplotwhereachurchand its cemeteryhadstoodsince the late 11th century. At the end of the 1230s, large areas of the port were given up. A Dominican monasterywas erected in their place. Since the secondhalf of the 11th century, the city of Schleswig hadbeen a centre for trade betweeneasternandwesternEurope, but alsoan important connectionbetween theScandina- vianandcontinentalmarkets.Schleswigwas thesouthernmostDanishmetropolis,andbecause of this it functioned as a flagship. Here at the intersection of land and sea there arose a space for interaction that corresponded to theportus and locus celeberritimus recorded in thewritten sources. In Schleswig, the change froma seaside town still in the earlymedieval tradition to a high medieval town can be traced. Schleswigs’ habourscapes are an expression of these changes, which are, however, linked to completely new directions by the loss of significance around 1200. The city of Lübeck lies around 17km from the Baltic Sea. Lübeck is a ‘hotspot’ for both historical and archaeological scholarship,where the development of a highmedieval port city and a Hanseatic city with a very particular type of urbanity can be almost paradigmatically observed.30Therelevanthistorical interpretationsarebased,aboveall, on thestatementsof the chroniclerHelmoldvonBosau.Henotonlyreportsontheharbour,butalsodescribes thefound- ing of the city in 1143 byAdolf II von Schauenburg. Following an historically recorded fire in 1158,Heinrich der Löwe founded the legendary Löwenstadt.31 The status of a free city, granted in1226,butalso theperiodofDanish rulebetween1201and1227,gave thecitydecisivemomen- tum tobecome theQueenof theHanse.32 TheAltstadtinselofLübeckliesbetweentheTraveandWakenitz rivers.Thehistorical topog- raphy of the raised, approximately 100ha river-island is very different from that of today, but this canbe reconstructed verywellwith the assistance of LIDAR scans anddrillings. Until the 13thcenturytheareasnear thewaterwerecharacterisedbylargemarshlands.Thisheldespecial- ly true for the lowlandsof theTrave,whichwere firstmadeaccessible thanks to land reclama- tionundertaken fromthe13th centuryon,andwhich led tobuildingdevelopments that reached all theway to the rivers. At the timeof the city’s foundation, therewere extensive lowlands, characterisedby coves and foundespecially in thenorth of theold city island. In the areabetween the laterAlfstraße andBraunstraße, therewas a plateau that offered an attractive space for settlement, reaching eastwards from the steep drop into the lowlands of the Trave river to a further terrace in the terrain (Fig.6). Theanalysisof the2009–2016excavation,presented in2019,givesusanentirelynewimage of thecity’searlydevelopmentandtherelatedharbourscapes.Theexcavations to thenorthand southofFischstraßerevealedelevenapproximately15–20m2wattle-and-daubbuildingsaligned with the shore and shielded to the north by a ditch. In the rearward section to the north-east, therewasalso evidenceof anopen, square-shapedarea (Fig.7). The 14-C data (2 Sigma) date these to between 1080 and 1130. Hence, there are buildings and constructed spaces that clearly pre-date the founding of the city by Schauenburg. This could be an ‘ältere Filialstelle oder gar potentielle Verlegung’33 of the Slavonic settlementAlt- Lübeck,whichwasdestroyed in1138. It is alsoconceivable that thiswasapermanentor tempo- rary settlement area for Saxonmerchants, inwhichcase the location shouldbe referred toasa 29 Müller 2016, 253f. 30 Müller 2017b, 710; Jahnke 2019withnotes onhistoriography. 31 Helmold 1, 86. 32 Jahnke 2019, 226–229. 33 Rieger 2019, 78.