Seite - 261 - in The Power of Urban Water - Studies in premodern urbanism

15 Human Impact onHydrology 261 burgofhighwater levelswithin the towns.At the siteofRegensburg,where theDanubebridge hadbeendestroyed, there is a thick layer of river deposits datingback to the 14th century. Though the flood of StMaryMagdalenewas by far themost severe one, therewere other inundations during the 14th century. At the deserted town of Münster in the southern Black Forest, archaeological excavations also showed thickwater-transported deposits dating to the 14thcentury.According to thecurrentstateof research, theUpperRhineandtheSouthernBlack Forestwere outside the catchment of the floodof StMaryMagdalene.42 There is, however, evi- dence fromEsslingen,wherewritten sources report of a landslidewithin the fortificationwalls in the summerof 1342.Avineyardglidedoff anddamagedoneof theurbanmonasteries.43 It isquitehardto linkarchaeological traces toonespecificevent.For this reason, thedating ofsoilerosionbyradiocarbondates in theSchönbuchforest to the14thcenturycannotbe linked to events of the summer of 1342, but is nevertheless a document for the clearance of forests discussedabove. Conclusions Lookingaturbanwaters requiresaperspectivegoingbeyond infrastructures. It is interesting to see the interrelation between urbanisation and landscape changes. The urban needs for food, energy andwater had far-reaching effects, especially on thehydrology,whichwas, in turn, an important factor for latemedieval landscapechanges. Inorder tounderstand the completepic- ture,weneed theperspectiveofhumanecosystems,whichallowsus toaddress the rightques- tions and todevelopappropriate research strategies. IllustrationCredits Fig. 1: PhotobyBahnmoeller [CCBYSA3.0] viaWikimediaCommons <https://commons. wiki​ media.org/wiki/File:Almkanal_Schacht_zum_Buergermeisterloch.jpg> (4.7. 2019). Fig. 2: Graphic byRainer Schreg. Fig.3: Graphic byRainer Schreg, afterArauner 2008andearly 19th century cadastralmaps [Urpositionsblätter]; basemap:©OpenStreetMap-contributors. Fig.4: Courtesyof theMuseumderBayerischenGeschichte 2012–2015 [M-2012–1989–1_0]; photo:ArchaiosGmbH. Fig.5: Graphic byRainer Schreg, after Schöpplein 2016 fig.60andearly 19th century cadas- tralmaps [Urpositionsblätter]; basemap:©OpenStreetMap-contributors. Fig.6: Graphics byRainer Schreg. Fig. 7: PhotobyRainer Schreg. Fig.8: Picture from theStammbuchdesGeorgPfinzing vonHenfenfeld (1601–1653) (PD, viaWikimediaCommons <https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:T%C3% BCbingen​ _​ -_​ Stamm​ buch-von-Georg-Pfinzing-von-Henfenfeld-1601-bis-1653.jpg> (4. 7. 2019). Fig.9: Graphic byRainer Schreg. Fig. 10: Graphic byRainer Schreg. 42 Jenisch 2019. 43 Schreg 2013c.