Seite - 152 - in Radical Solutions and Open Science - An Open Approach to Boost Higher Education

Chapter10 MOOCsandOER:Developments andContributions forOpenEducation andOpenScience Maria-SoledadRamirez-Montoya Abstract The open educational movement has provided opportunities for the advancement of higher education.This chapter is framed in thedevelopment of 12 openmasscourses(MOOCs)andmorethan5000openeducationalresources(OER) thatwereproduced inamacroproject focusedon training for energysustainability. TheMOOCs integrated innovative strategies and emerging technologies (such as gamification, challenges, biometrics, virtual reality, augmented reality, virtual and remote laboratories) and the OERwere produced with scalable and accessibility properties (suchas reusability, atomicity, interoperabilityanddurability).Theques- tionthatguidesthechapter is:Whatcontributionscanarisefromformativeinstances suchasMOOCsandOERforopeneducationandopenscience?Theprojectmethod was collaborative with multidisciplinary teams of energy, production and educa- tional innovation,whodesignedandimplemented12MOOCsthroughtheMexicoX andEdXplatforms,wheremore than200,000participants enrolled in theMOOCs. Similarly, the production of more than 5000 OER is available in an open-access repository. The results show contributions to open education in the areas of open innovation, open research and open science. Findings can contribute to academic communities (students, teachers, researchers, administrators), social communities, government, business anddecisionmakers interested in learning environments and openeducationalpractices. KeywordsMOOC ·OER ·Openeducation ·Open innovation ·Openresearch · Openscience ·Energy 10.1 Introduction Advancesincommunicationandtechnologyhavebroughtnewpossibilitiesforopen education.Themovement towardopeneducation requires educators to expandand update their practice to keep upwith newassigned responses (Littlejohn&Hood, 2017) and to expand the perspective of services and innovation that is required to M.-S.Ramirez-Montoya (B) TecnologicodeMonterrey,Monterrey,Mexico e-mail: solramirez@tec.mx ©TheAuthor(s)2020 D.Burgos (ed.),Radical Solutions and Open Science,LectureNotes inEducationalTechnology,https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4276-3_10 159