Seite - 31 - in Clean Water Using Solar and Wind - Outside the Power Grid

The renewable energy revolution 31 The electric power will be delivered via either stand-alone systems, mini-grids or national grids, as illustrated in Figure 3.2. 17 19 10 40 44 30 42 37 60 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Developing Asia Africa Latin America Stand alone Mini-grid On-grid Figure 3.2 Structure of additional electric power supply (in %) to achieve electricity for all in 2030. It is apparent that most of the additional power will be added outside the traditional electric power grids (on-grid). Data from IEA, UNDP and UNIDO. As noted in 3.1, solar PV and wind will dominate the development of renewable energy in the coming years. Solar is well above both wind and hydro. Already today almost 30 million people benefit from solar lighting products in Africa (Lighting Africa, 2013). The radical consequences for productivity, education, health services and quality of life are well documented. Almost 100 million people in developing countries have at least one solar PV lighting product in their home (BNEF and Lighting Global, 2016). IEA made a forecast of renewables for developing Asia and sub- Saharan Africa in 2017 (IEA, 2017b). It is predicted that off-grid capacity will almost triple in the years 2017–2022, as shown in Figure 3.3. The off-grid growth is only a small share of the total PV capacity installed, but its socio-economic impact will be significant. Solar home systems (SHS) are expected to bring basic electricity to almost 70 million people in these regions over the five-year period. This will provide energy for lighting and small appliances, typically 20–100 W. Low-income people can purchase this kind of service on pay-as- you-go schemes (see also Chapter 12.3). The energy cost is usually similar to or lower than the cost of traditional sources like kerosene lanterns. It should be noted that most SHS deliver DC power. Such Downloaded from https://iwaponline.com/ebooks/book-pdf/520710/wio9781780409443.pdf by IWA Publishing user