Seite - 574 - in VULNERABLE - The Law, Policy and Ethics of COVID-19
Bild der Seite - 574 -
Text der Seite - 574 -
VULNERABLE574
Discrimination against them could be reinforced by the use of tech-
nology that can lead to the accessing of certain government services
being refused. Finally, the use of this type of technology will contrib-
ute to greater acceptance by our society of generalized technological
surveillance.10 In the past, the declaration of a state of emergency to
combat terrorism has led to the incorporation of special measures into
law that allow greater surveillance.11
Beyond these important concerns, much of the relevant research
has focused on the wealthier nations of China, Western Europe, and
North America—the first to be hit by the pandemic. However, as the
virus continues to spread, poorer countries are not being spared. In
this chapter, we explore the impact of artificial intelligence solutions
to the COVID-19 pandemic in a global context and we focus in par-
ticular on countries with middle to low human development levels.12
These populations are bound to be more vulnerable, not only to the
pandemic impacts, but also to inappropriate uses of artificial intel-
ligence. We consider predictive analysis and modelling and, then, the
governance of data. We conclude by proposing a path forward for
ensuring the accountable use of artificial intelligence globally.
Machine Learning and Impact Modelling
BlueDot,13 a Canadian start-up, was among the first organizations
in the world to identify the emerging risk from COVID-19 in Hubei
province, and to sound the alarm before the U.S. Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention did, on January 6, and before the World Health
Organization followed suit three days later.14 The start-up combines
10. Federica Lucivero et al, “Covid-19 and Contact Tracing Apps: Technological
Fix or Social Experiment? (April 10, 2020), online: SSRN <https://ssrn.com/
abstract=3590788>.
11. See for instance in France: Céline Castets-Renard, “Online Surveillance in the
Fight Against Terrorism in France” in T-E Synodinou et al, eds, EU Internet
Law Regulation and Enforcement (Switzerland: Springer, 2017). In Canada, see
Kent Roach, “Canada’s Response to Terrorism” in Victor V Ramraj et al, eds, Global
Anti-Terrorism
Law
and
Policy
(Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2005).
12. “The Human Development Index” (last visited 28 May 2020), online: United Nations
Development Programme <http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/human-development-
index-hdi>.
13. “BlueDot” (last visited 28 May 2020), online: BlueDot <https://bluedot.global>.
14. Geoffrey Vendeville, “U of T Infectious Diseases Expert AI Firm Now a Part of
Canada’s AI Arsenal” (27 March 2020), online: U of T News <https://www.uto-
ronto.ca/news/u-t-infectious-disease-expert-s-ai-firm-now-part-canada-s-covid-
19-arsenal>.
VULNERABLE
The Law, Policy and Ethics of COVID-19
- Titel
- VULNERABLE
- Untertitel
- The Law, Policy and Ethics of COVID-19
- Autoren
- Vanessa MacDonnell
- Jane Philpott
- Sophie Thériault
- Sridhar Venkatapuram
- Verlag
- Ottawa Press
- Datum
- 2020
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
- ISBN
- 9780776636429
- Abmessungen
- 15.2 x 22.8 cm
- Seiten
- 648
- Kategorien
- Coronavirus
- International