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ils entraveront les réponses aux crises futures. Dans ce chapitre, nous
suggérons d’harmoniser les mesures politiques nationales et interna-
tionales afin de nuancer l’approche du Canada en matière de propriété
intellectuelle et d’accélérer les contributions du pays sur la scène mon-
diale grâce à la science ouverte.
In the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic caused by
SARS-CoV-2,
policy attention around international trade law, intellectual
property rights, and domestic innovation policies focused mostly
on patents and compulsory licensing. There was also some discus-
sion, but less action, regarding other intellectual property rights, such
as copyrights or trade secrets. One reason is that the global system
governing trade in scientific and technical knowledge leaves govern-
ments little room to manoeuvre with domestic intellectual property
policy in the short term.1 Therefore, while Canada and other coun-
tries should exploit flexibilities immediately, we argue that long-term
policy opportunities are more important.
Canada’s policy frameworks are poorly aligned with the coun-
try’s characteristics. Canada has succeeded, and can succeed again, in
aspects of the drug (or vaccine or diagnostic) development process.2
But Canadians are unlikely to do so alone, given the conditions of
our pharmaceutical industry.3 For example, an Ebola vaccine was
discovered in a Canadian laboratory supported by significant public
investments, but a misguided proprietary strategy of patenting and
exclusive licensing stalled clinical trials and eventually left most of
the credit and profit to foreign firms.4 Canada’s plans for a national
immunization strategy after SARS was underfunded and unsuccess-
ful.5 After years of criticism, it remains questionable whether Canada
1. Jeremy de Beer, “Introduction to Intellectual Property Law”, in Oonagh E
Fitzgerald, Valerie Hughes & Mark Jewett, eds, Reflections on Canada’s Past,Â
Present and Future in International Law (Waterloo: CIGI Press, 2018).
2. See Jason W Nickerson and Matthew Herder, this volume.
3. See Industry Canada, Canada’s Pharmaceutical Industry and Prospects (Discussion
Paper) (Kirkland: IMS Brogan, 2014).
4. Matthew Herder, Janice E Graham & Richard Gold, “From Discovery to
Delivery: Public Sector Development of the rVSV-ZEBOV Ebola Vaccine” (2020)
JL & Biosciences 1.
5. Public Health Agency of Canada, Learning from SARS: Renewal of Public HealthÂ
in Canada (Executive Summary) (Ottawa: Public Health Agency of Canada,
8 November 2004).
VULNERABLE
The Law, Policy and Ethics of COVID-19
- Titel
- VULNERABLE
- Untertitel
- The Law, Policy and Ethics of COVID-19
- Autoren
- Vanessa MacDonnell
- Jane Philpott
- Sophie Thériault
- Sridhar Venkatapuram
- Verlag
- Ottawa Press
- Datum
- 2020
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
- ISBN
- 9780776636429
- Abmessungen
- 15.2 x 22.8 cm
- Seiten
- 648
- Kategorien
- Coronavirus
- International