Seite - 128 - in Water, Energy, and Environment - A Primer

capacityofmore than300MWareunder construction, including HornseaProjectOne in theUK(1218MW),EastAngliaOne in theUK(714MW),Kriegers Flak inDenmark (605MW),Hohe See in Germany (497 MW), and Binhai North in China (400 MW).OSWfarms still in the proposal stage, ofwhich there are many, include Korea Offshore in South Korea (2500 MW), Hornsea Project Three in the UK (2400MW), Formosa III in Taiwan (1900MW), andBorssele Offshore (phases 1–4) in the Netherlands (1400MW). Finally, a word about the future of OSW turbines and how OSW-generated electricity is delivered to shore: while early OSW turbines were small (2.3MWor less), today turbines 6– 8MWin size are being installed routinely.Vestas is developing a 9.5 MWwind turbine, and GE has recently unveiled its 12 MW Haliade-X offshore wind turbine. 15 MW turbines are beingdesigned aswell. OSWfarms use undersea, low-loss,HVDC (high-voltage dc) cables,which are buried under the sea floor, to deliver power to coastal load and distribution centers. In the US a transmission system of this type, the Atlantic Wind Connection, is being built in stages in coordination with the build-out of East Coast OSW farms. It will span the mid-Atlantic 300 mile region, beginning in northern New Jersey and eventually extending to southern Virginia. It will connect wind farms that are built in the federally designated ‘WindEnergyAreas,’ at least tenmiles off the coast.When completed, the Connectionwill be capable of deliveringup to7000MWofpower fromOSWfarms. Water,Energy, andEnvironment–APrimer128