Seite - 49 - in Our Car as Power Plant
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Text der Seite - 49 -
49
The fi
rst fuel cells were invented in 1838. The fi
rst commercial
use of fuel cells came more than a century later in NASA
space programs to generate power for probes, satellites
and space capsules. Since then, fuel cells have been used
in many other applications. Fuel cells are used for primary
and backup power for commercial, industrial and residential
buildings and in remote or inaccessible areas. And nowadays
they are also used for transport purposes to power vehicles,
including forklifts, buses, airplanes, boats, motorcycles,
submarines and our cars.
In cars we use the PEM fuel cell (Proton Exchange Membrane,
also called Polymer Electrolyte Membrane). This type of
fuel cell starts in a second, has an operation temperature
of about 80°C and a full load electrical effi
ciency of 60%
to convert hydrogen into electricity.
OUR CAR AS POWER PLANT FUEL CELL TYPES AND CHARACTERISTICS
FUEL CELL OPERATING
TEMPERATURE SIZE ELECTRIC
EFFICIENCY
PEM
PROTON EXCHANGE
MEMBRANE 50-100°C 1-100kW 60%
AFC
ALKALINE 90-100°C 10-100kW 60%
PAFC
PHOSPHORIC ACID 150-200°C 400kW 40%
MCFC
MOLTEN CARBONATE 600-700°C 300kW-3MW 45-50%
SOFC
SOLID OXIDE 700-1000°C 1kW-2MW 60%
zurück zum
Buch Our Car as Power Plant"
Our Car as Power Plant
- Titel
- Our Car as Power Plant
- Autoren
- Ad van Wijk
- Leendert Verhoef
- Verlag
- IOS Press BV
- Datum
- 2014
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- CC BY-NC 4.0
- ISBN
- 978-1-61499-377-3
- Abmessungen
- 14.8 x 21.0 cm
- Seiten
- 108
- Schlagwörter
- fuel cell cars, renewable energy, The Green Village, sustainability
- Kategorie
- Technik
Inhaltsverzeichnis
- THE VISION 7
- REASONS TO BELIEVE 8
- OUR CARS 13
- 100 YEARS OF CAR DEVELOPMENT 14
- ENERGY EFFICIENCY FROM A TO B BY CAR 18
- FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS IN TRANSPORTATION 22
- NUMBER OF CARS WORLDWIDE 25
- OUR ENERGY SYSTEM 31
- TOWARDS INTEGRATED ENERGY SYSTEMS 32
- ELECTRICITY SYSTEM WORLDWIDE 36
- POWER-SYSTEM EFFICIENCY 40
- FUEL CELL CARS 45
- THE FUEL CELL 46
- THE FUEL CELL CAR 50
- HYDROGEN 52
- HYDROGEN STORAGE 55
- FUEL CELL CAR FOR TRANSPORT 57
- THE FUEL CELL CAR AS POWER PLANT 63
- CAR-PARK POWER PLANT 64
- CAR-PARK POWER PLANT ENERGY SYSTEM 67
- THE FUTURE 71
- CARS CAN TAKE OVER POWER PLANT CAPACITY 72
- FUTURE ENERGY- AND TRANSPORT SYSTEMS 75
- FUTURE CITIES 80
- THE CHALLENGES 87
- TECHNOLOGICAL CHALLENGES 88
- SYSTEM CHALLENGES 92
- WHY IT WILL HAPPEN 97
- FUEL CELL CARS WILL COME 98
- IT IS OUR CAR! 99
- REFERENCES 101
- SUMMARY 105
- ABOUT THE AUTHORS 106