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Energies 2017,10, 1314
Table5.Overviewof thecell chemistriesusedforcostcalculations. Thefirstonewillbereferredtoas
theNMCbatteryandthesecondoneas thesiliconbasedlithium-ionbattery.
BatteryI BatteryII
Positiveelectrode NMC(6:2:2) NMC(6:2:2)
Negativeelectrode Graphite SiliconAlloy[50]
Packenergydensity 155Wh/kg 205Wh/kg
3.4. BatteryCellManufacturing
Severalarchitecturesanddesignsofbatterycellsexist suchascylindrical cells,pouchcells,hard
casingwithavarietyofpositions for the tabs [51].However inall thesedesigns threemainprocesses
canbe identifiedasdescribed inTable6 [33].Also in this table thematerial inputs (+)andoutputs (−)
areshownsincematerial cost is themaincostofabattery,whichwillbedemonstrated inSection3.5.
Thefirst step iselectrodemanufacturing inwhichtheelectrodes themselvesarebeingprepared.
Theactivematerial, conductiveagents, solventsandbinderaremixedtoaslurrywhich iscoatedonto
acurrentcollector (aluminiumfor thepositive tabandcopper for thenegativeone).Afterwhichthe
cellsaredried, inorder tovaporise thesolvents. Toensureagoodelectrical connectionbetweenthe
slurryandcurrentcollector theelectrodesarecalendared,whichconsistsofpressingthe twofirmly
together.Asa last step in thiselectrodemanufacturingtheelectrodesarecut to theircorrect size.
Thesecondstep is tomakeacellsassemblyoramultilayercombinationofapositiveelectrode,
separatorandnegativeelectrode. Thesemultilayerscanbecreatedthroughstackingorwindingto
createrespectivelypouchandcylindrical cells.Afterwards thecellsarepackaged(hardcasing/soft
casing/...) andtemporarilysealed. Thecellsundergoadryingprocedure toensurenosolvents remain
afterwhichtheyarefilledwithelectrolyteandpermanentlysealed.
Thebatterycell isnowreadytouse,however toensurestableandgoodqualityof it itshas to
undergosomeelectrical formationcycles. These formationcyclesare critical for the lifetimeof the
cell since its stabilizes the chemical structureof the cell. Thefinal step is to test the cell’s electrical
performance tomaintainagoodqualitycontrol.
Table6.Batterycellmanufacturingprocesssummary includingmaterial in-andoutflow.
ManufacturingProcess Material
ElectrodeManufacturing SlurryMixing +ActiveMaterial
+Conductiveagent
+Solvents
+Binder
Coating +Al/Cufoil
Drying −Solvents
Calendaring
Cutting +Remainingal/Cufoil
CellAssembly Stacking/Winding +Separator
+AdhesiveTape
+Al/Cutabs
Packaging(Pouch/Case) +PouchFoil/casing
Temporarysealing +Solvents
Drying
Filling −Remainingal/Cufoil
PermanentSeal
Formation FormationCellTesting
114
Emerging Technologies for Electric and Hybrid Vehicles
- Titel
- Emerging Technologies for Electric and Hybrid Vehicles
- Herausgeber
- MDPI
- Ort
- Basel
- Datum
- 2017
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
- ISBN
- 978-3-03897-191-7
- Abmessungen
- 17.0 x 24.4 cm
- Seiten
- 376
- Schlagwörter
- electric vehicle, plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), energy sources, energy management strategy, energy-storage system, charging technologies, control algorithms, battery, operating scenario, wireless power transfer (WPT)
- Kategorie
- Technik