Page - 152 - in 3D Printing of Metals

Metals 2016,6, 313 Figure6.Thinwallwitha1.2mmlayer thickness foreach layer: (a)Mainview. (b)Cross-sectionview. (c)Cross-sectiondatastatistics. 4.Conclusions To conclude, a newmetal 3Dprintingprocess—micro-coatingmetal additivemanufacturing (MCMAM)—wasinvestigated in thispaper. Theformingmorphologiesof thedepositedthin-walled specimenswereanalyzed,andthemainfindingsaresummarizedas follows: • TheMCMAMtechnologyisconsideredaneconomicalandeffectiveformingprocess. Theforming efficiencyof theMCMAMupto50mm3/s (viz. 1490g/h) isdoubled, compared to themetal dropletdeposition. • The layer thickness isoneof themajor factors, influencing the formingmorphology. The forming morphologyof the thin-wall specimen is relatively thebestwhen the layer thickness is set to 1.2mm,andthemetallurgicalbondingof theadjacent layerscanbeobtained. • The waviness was used to analyze the forming morphology of the thin-walled specimen. Thevaluesof thesurfacewaviness indexesareWa=0.9448,Wq=0.963,andWz=0.303when the layer thickness is1.2mm. Acknowledgments: Project supported by the State Key Development Program Research of China (2016YFB1100400), thenationalproject (20140530)“3DPrintingElectricalFittingsDropletFormingandShaping theExperimentalPrototypeDevelopmentPlatform”, theChinaPostdoctoralScienceFoundation(2014m560764) “Study on Metal Micro Jet Droplet Electromagnetic Confinement Deposition Forming Mechanism” and theFundamentalResearchFundsfor theCentralUniversities (xjj2016124). Author Contributions: Jun Du and ZhengyingWei conceived and designed the experiments; XinWang, XueweiFang,andGuangxiZhaoperformedtheexperiments;HaoBaiandWeiLiuanalyzedthedata;ChuanqiRen andYunfeiYaocontributedreagents/materials/analysis tools;XinWangwrote thepaper. Conflictsof Interest:Theauthorsdeclarenoconflictof interest. References 1. Beaman, J.J.;Deckard,C.R.SelectiveLaserSinteringwithAssistedPowderHandling.U.S.Patent4938816, 1990. 2. Arcella,F.G.;Froes,F.H.Producingtitaniumaerospacecomponents frompowderusing laser forming. JOM 2000,52, 2–30. [CrossRef] 3. Clare,A.T.;Chalker,P.R.;Davies,S.; Sutcliffe,C.J.;Tsopanos,S.Selective lasermeltingofhighaspect ratio3D nickel–titaniumstructures twowaytrainedforMEMSapplications. Int. J.Mech.Mater.Des. 2008,4, 181–187. [CrossRef] 4. Aiyiti,W. Investigationof theoverlappingparametersofMPAW-basedrapidprototyping.RapidPrototyp. J. 2006,12, 165–172. [CrossRef] 152