Page - 213 - in Book of Full Papers - Symposium Hydro Engineering

area of 1 million square kilometers–55.6 per cent of the total drainage area of the Yangtze River Basin. Three Gorges Reservoir is able to retain 39.3 billion m3 of water, with a flood control capacity up to 22.15 billion m3. The reservoir feeds the Three Gorges Hydropower Station, which has 34 generator units with an installed capacity of 22.5 million kw and an annual generating capacity of 88.2 billion kwh. When the Dam’s water level is raised to the desired capacity of 175 m, the 632 km2 of land flooded in the Three Gorges Reservoir form a man-made lake 600 km long and 1-2 km wide, with a total area up to 1,084 km2.In this paper, the Three Gorges Reservoir Area refers to the Yangtze River main stream area from Chongqing city to Yichang city. 2. LOCAL CLIMATE MONITORING SYSTEM IN THE THREE GORGES RESERVOIR AREA The Three Gorges Reservoir area is complex, and the valley basins are different from each other. There are vertical differences in climate in different regions. In general the valley in the hot summer and warm winter, cool in summer and cool winter mountain, rain, fog wet weight, and has the characteristics of slopes of different climate. The location of the reservoir is unique in the climate, which is one of the non zonal climate types in China, and is also one of the most typical representative of the microclimate in the water body. The climate in the reservoir area is affected by regional weather and climate system changes. At the same time, after the completion of the Three Gorges Dam, the water level will rise and the water area will expand due to impounding. It will cause the change of the thermal properties of the underlying surface and cause the change of the local microclimate in the reservoir area. In order to fully understand the construction of the Three Gorges Reservoir area before and after the local climate change characteristic, based on the existing business system of meteorological department China, established the "Three Gorges local climate monitoring system", the system includes 1 key local climate monitoring stations、7 reservoir climate information and security monitoring center station、50 real-time monitoring of base stations.The realization of real-time monitoring, data acquisition in online and fast delivery, tracking and monitoring the whole process of the impact of climate change caused by three gorge project and meteorological disasters. 213